{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T12:08:24Z","timestamp":1784030904839,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002811","name":"Cathay General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CGH-MR-A10913"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CGH-MR-A10913"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002811","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Biomarkers are essential tools in osteoarthritis (OA) research, clinical trials, and drug development. Detecting and evaluating biomarkers in OA research can open new avenues for researching and developing new therapeutics. In the present report, we have explored the serological detection of various osteoarthritis-related biomarkers in the preclinical model of OA. In this surgical OA model, we disrupted the medial tibial cartilage\u2019s integrity via anterior cruciate ligament transection combined with medial meniscectomy (ACLT+MMx) of a single joint of Wistar rats. The progression of OA was verified, as shown by the microscopic deterioration of cartilage and the increasing cartilage degeneration scoring from 4 to 12 weeks postsurgery. The concentration of serological biomarkers was measured at two timepoints, along with the complete blood count and bone electrolytes, with biochemical analysis further conducted. The panel evaluated inflammatory biomarkers, bone\/cartilage biomarkers, and lipid metabolic pathway biomarkers. In chronic OA rats, we found a significant reduction of total vitamin D3 and C-telopeptide fragments of type II (CTX-II) levels in the serum as compared to sham-operated rats. In contrast, the serological levels of adiponectin, leptin, and matrix metallopeptidase (MMP3) were significantly enhanced in chronic OA rats. The inflammatory markers, blood cell composition, and biochemical profile remained unchanged after surgery. In conclusion, we found that a preclinical model of single-joint OA with significant deterioration of the cartilage can lead to serological changes to the cartilage and metabolic-related biomarkers without alteration of the systemic blood and biochemical profile. Thus, this biomarker profile provides a new tool for diagnostic\/therapeutic assessment in OA scientific research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T02:14:41Z","timestamp":1632276881000},"page":"10179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Detection and Evaluation of Serological Biomarkers to Predict Osteoarthritis in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection Combined Medial Meniscectomy Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Nian-Cih","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114202, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei 114201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsorng-Shyang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5173-7705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prabhakar","family":"Busa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan"},{"name":"Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9548-6300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching-Ling","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radioimmunoassay Laboratory, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Chieh","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radioimmunoassay Laboratory, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3951-129X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ing-Jung","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan"},{"name":"Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Shung","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei 114201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan"},{"name":"Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/lds038","article-title":"Epidemiology and burden of osteoarthritis","volume":"105","author":"Litwic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. 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