{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:17:09Z","timestamp":1792804629225,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]],"date-time":"2021-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan Labour Sciences Research Grants for research on intractable diseases (The Research Team for Autoimmune Diseases)","award":["2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03mwa7s65","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autoimmune epithelitis and chronic inflammation are one of the characteristic features of the immune pathogenesis of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome (SS)-related dry eye disease. Autoimmune epithelitis can cause the dysfunction of the excretion of tear fluid and mucin from the lacrimal glands and conjunctival epithelia and meibum from the meibomian glands. The lacrimal gland and conjunctival epithelia express major histocompatibility complex class II or human leukocyte antigen-DR and costimulatory molecules, acting as nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells for T cell and B cell activation in SS. Ocular surface epithelium dysfunction can lead to dry eye disease in SS. Considering the mechanisms underlying SS-related dry eye disease, this review highlights autoimmune epithelitis of the ocular surface, chronic inflammation, and several other molecules in the tear film, cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal glands, and meibomian glands that represent potential targets in the treatment of SS-related dry eye disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222111820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T22:21:34Z","timestamp":1635805294000},"page":"11820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Autoimmune Epithelitis and Chronic Inflammation in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome-Related Dry Eye Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Yoko","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Tsubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2018.1438093","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for Sjogren\u2019s syndrome 2017","volume":"28","author":"Sumida","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mod. 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