{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T00:03:09Z","timestamp":1790899389283,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Current non-surgical treatment for peripheral entrapment neuropathy is considered insignificant and unsustainable; thus, it is essential to find an alternative novel treatment. The technique of perineural injection therapy using 5% dextrose water has been progressively used to treat many peripheral entrapment neuropathies and has been proven to have outstanding effects in a few high-quality studies. Currently, the twentieth edition of Harrison\u2019s Principles of Internal Medicine textbook recommends this novel injection therapy as an alternative local treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Hence, this novel approach has become the mainstream method for treating CTS, and other studies have revealed its clinical benefit for other peripheral entrapment neuropathies. In this narrative review, we aimed to provide an insight into this treatment method and summarize the current studies on cases of peripheral entrapment neuropathy treated by this method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222212358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T11:32:03Z","timestamp":1637062323000},"page":"12358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Efficacy of 5% Dextrose Water Injection for Peripheral Entrapment Neuropathy: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1175-7909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yung-Tsan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"},{"name":"Integrated Pain Management Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Research and Development, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3979-3541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chueh-Hung","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0855-4828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jui-An","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan"},{"name":"Pain Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-Yu","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Beihu Branch, Taipei 10845, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1392-829X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanley K. H.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan"},{"name":"The Hong Kong Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e829","DOI":"10.1097\/PR9.0000000000000829","article-title":"Entrapment neuropathies: A contemporary approach to pathophysiology, clinical assessment, and management","volume":"5","author":"Schmid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain Rep."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-009-1416-x","article-title":"Current concepts of carpal tunnel syndrome: Pathophysiology, treatment, and evaluation","volume":"15","author":"Uchiyama","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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