{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:29:19Z","timestamp":1761920959258,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]],"date-time":"2021-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["311335\/2019-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["311335\/2019-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Pro-Rectory of the Federal University of Par\u00e1 (PROPESP, UFPA, Brazil)","award":["not applicable"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["not applicable"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mercury is a heavy metal found in organic and inorganic forms that represents an important toxicant with impact on human health. Mercury can be released in the environment by natural phenoms (i.e., volcanic eruptions), industrial products, waste, or anthropogenic actions (i.e., mining activity). Evidence has pointed to mercury exposure inducing neurological damages related to emotional disturbance, such as anxiety, depression, and insomnia. The mechanisms that underlie these emotional disorders remain poorly understood, although an important role of glutamatergic pathways, alterations in HPA axis, and disturbance in activity of monoamines have been suggested. Ethanol (EtOH) is a psychoactive substance consumed worldwide that induces emotional alterations that have been strongly investigated, and shares common pathophysiological mechanisms with mercury. Concomitant mercury and EtOH intoxication occur in several regions of the world, specially by communities that consume seafood and fish as the principal product of nutrition (i.e., Amazon region). Such affront appears to be more deleterious in critical periods of life, such as the prenatal and adolescence period. Thus, this review aimed to discuss the cellular and behavioral changes displayed by the mercury plus EtOH exposure during adolescence, focused on emotional disorders, to answer the question of whether mercury plus EtOH exposure intensifies depression, anxiety, and insomnia observed by the toxicants in isolation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222313131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T21:01:45Z","timestamp":1638738105000},"page":"13131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Methylmercury plus Ethanol Exposure: How Much Does This Combination Affect Emotionality?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9703-2062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diandra Ara\u00fajo","family":"Luz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Farmacologia da Inflama\u00e7\u00e3o e do Comportamento, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina de Carvalho","family":"Cart\u00e1genes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Farmacologia da Inflama\u00e7\u00e3o e do Comportamento, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0438-0525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cinthia Cristina Sousa de Menezes","family":"da Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Farmacologia da Inflama\u00e7\u00e3o e do Comportamento, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Farmacologia da Inflama\u00e7\u00e3o e do Comportamento, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kissila M\u00e1rvia Matias Machado","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Farmacologia da Inflama\u00e7\u00e3o e do Comportamento, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7004-0719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luanna de Melo Pereira","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Morfol\u00f3gicas e Fisiol\u00f3gicas, Centro das Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas e da Sa\u00fade (CCBS), Universidade Estadual do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66095-100, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6186-9581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"En\u00e9as Andrade","family":"Fontes-J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Farmacologia da Inflama\u00e7\u00e3o e do Comportamento, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4493-7375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Farmacologia da Inflama\u00e7\u00e3o e do Comportamento, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2018.04.021","article-title":"Low doses of methylmercury intoxication solely or associated to ethanol binge drinking induce psychiatric-like disorders in adolescent female rats","volume":"60","author":"Ribera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. 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