{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T00:17:55Z","timestamp":1793665075947,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gestational diabetes (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) are associated with fetal hyperglycemia, fetal hypoxia, or both. These adverse conditions may compromise fetal and placental endothelial cells. In fact, GDM and PE affect feto-placental endothelial function and also program endothelial function and cardiovascular disease risk of the offspring in the long-term. MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that regulate protein translation and fine tune biological processes. A group of microRNAs termed angiomiRs is particularly involved in the regulation of endothelial function. We hypothesized that transient hyperglycemia and hypoxia may alter angiomiR expression in feto-placental endothelial cells (fpEC). Thus, we isolated primary fpEC after normal, uncomplicated pregnancy, and induced hyperglycemia (25 mM) and hypoxia (6.5%) for 72 h, followed by reversal to normal conditions for another 72 h. Current vs. transient effects on angiomiR profiles were analyzed by RT-qPCR and subjected to miRNA pathway analyses using DIANA miRPath, MIENTURNET and miRPathDB. Both current and transient hypoxia affected angiomiR profile stronger than current and transient hyperglycemia. Both stimuli altered more angiomiRs transiently, i.e., followed by 72 h culture at control conditions. Pathway analysis revealed that hypoxia significantly altered the pathway \u2018Proteoglycans in cancer\u2019. Transient hypoxia specifically affected miRNAs related to \u2018adherens junction\u2019. Our data reveal that hyperglycemia and hypoxia induce memory effects on angiomiR expression in fpEC. Such memory effects may contribute to long-term adaption and maladaption to hyperglycemia and hypoxia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222413378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T01:20:41Z","timestamp":1639444841000},"page":"13378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Transient Hyperglycemia and Hypoxia Induce Memory Effects in AngiomiR Expression Profiles of Feto-Placental Endothelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6138-7566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmin","family":"Strutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Science, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Baumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Science, Department of Health Studies, FH Joanneum University of Applied Sciences, 8020 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0958-8280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Hiden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-0607","article-title":"Fetal exposure to altered amniotic fluid glucose, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 occurs before screening for gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"34","author":"Tisi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1159\/000345194","article-title":"Amniotic fluid oxidative and nitrosative stress biomarkers correlate with fetal chronic hypoxia in diabetic pregnancies","volume":"103","author":"Escobar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02341.x","article-title":"Effects of gestational diabetes on fetal oxygen and glucose levels in vivo","volume":"116","author":"Taricco","year":"2009","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2004.045","article-title":"Amniotic fluid and cord plasma erythropoietin levels in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension and chronic hypertension","volume":"32","author":"Teramo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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