{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:29:46Z","timestamp":1791563386026,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Statins reduce morbidity and mortality of CAD. Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality in patients with CAD. Previous data indicate that a higher conversion of precursor fatty acids (FAs) to arachidonic acid (AA) is associated with increased CAD prevalence. Our study explored the FA composition in blood to assess n-3 PUFA levels from patients with and without CAD. We analyzed blood samples from 273 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Patients were stratified according to clinically relevant CAD (n = 192) and those without (n = 81). FA analysis in full blood was performed by gas chromatography. Indicating increased formation of AA from precursors, the ratio of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) to AA, the delta-5 desaturase index (D5D index) was higher in CAD patients. CAD patients had significantly lower levels of omega-6 polyunsaturated FAs (n-6 PUFA) and n-3 PUFA, particularly EPA, in the blood. Thus, our study supports a role of increased EPA levels for cardioprotection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T14:05:07Z","timestamp":1641909907000},"page":"766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Essential Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Blood from Patients with and without Catheter-Proven Coronary Artery Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7526-0681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaoxuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany"},{"name":"Medical Department, Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Enssle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Pietzner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Schm\u00f6cker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Weiland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg Medical School, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Ritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg Medical School, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0595-2089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monique","family":"Jaensch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg Medical School, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7510-9284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulf","family":"Elbelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany"},{"name":"Medical Department, Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Pagonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg Medical School, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5361-4327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karsten H.","family":"Weylandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, 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