{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T15:02:22Z","timestamp":1778943742590,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016R1D1A1B02009810"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016R1D1A1B02009810"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, and the Ministry of Health and Welfare","award":["HH21C0013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HH21C0013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for diverse diseases and injuries. The biological and clinical advantages of human fetal MSCs (hfMSCs) have recently been reported. In terms of promising therapeutic approaches for diverse diseases and injuries, hfMSCs have gained prominence as healing tools for clinical therapies. Therefore, this review assesses not the only biological advantages of hfMSCs for healing human diseases and regeneration, but also the research evidence for the engraftment and immunomodulation of hfMSCs based on their sources and biological components. Of particular clinical relevance, the present review also suggests the potential therapeutic feasibilities of hfMSCs for musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and osteogenesis imperfecta.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T22:00:56Z","timestamp":1643320856000},"page":"1439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Therapeutic Potential of Human Fetal Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6418-6359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Insun","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Pocheon 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jongseop","family":"Rim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal Stem Cell Research Center, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7473-7078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaemin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Pocheon 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inseok","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Pocheon 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bosung","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Pocheon 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kisoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Pocheon 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soonchul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Pocheon 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.2174\/156652412800619950","article-title":"Immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells: Advances and applications","volume":"12","author":"Pascual","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. 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