{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:48:34Z","timestamp":1760150914898,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Translational Research Network Program. 1","award":["Grant number: 09019016, Yoshitaka Kimura Tohoku University"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant number: 09019016, Yoshitaka Kimura Tohoku University"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chorioamnionitis (CAM) is an increasingly common disease affecting pregnant women which derives from bacterial vaginosis. In different clinical cases, it has been shown that CAM can cause multiple risk factors for fetal brain damage, such as infection, and intra-uterine asphyxia. However, the molecular mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we established a novel CAM mouse model by exposing pregnant mice to a combination of three risk factors: vaginal lipopolysaccharides (LPS), amniotic LPS, and ischemic reperfusion. We found amniotic LPS caused Parkinson\u2019s disease-like fetal brain damage, in a dose and time-dependent manner. Moreover, the mechanism of this fetal brain damage is apoptosis induced by amniotic LPS but it was inhibited by being pretreated with a vaginal LPS challenge before amniotic LPS injection. In contrast, amniotic LPS with continuous ischemic reperfusion caused a higher level of apoptotic cell death than amniotic LPS alone. In particular, a potential neuroprotective biomarker phosphorylation (p)-CREB (ser133) appeared in only vaginal LPS preconditioned before amniotic LPS, whereas ischemic reperfusion triggered IKK phosphorylation after amniotic LPS. Despite the need for many future investigations, this study also discussed a developed understanding of the molecular mechanism of how these phenotypes occurred.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T11:35:17Z","timestamp":1643974517000},"page":"1787","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Amniotic LPS-Induced Apoptosis in the Fetal Brain Is Suppressed by Vaginal LPS Preconditioning but Is Promoted by Continuous Ischemic Reperfusion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8037-1455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yupeng","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Interdisciplinary Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine,  Sendai 9818574, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Interdisciplinary Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine,  Sendai 9818574, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tohoku University Hospital,  Sendai 9818573, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Yaegashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tohoku University Hospital,  Sendai 9818573, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199134030-00014","article-title":"Bacterial Vaginitis","volume":"34","author":"Faro","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin. 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