{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T13:17:39Z","timestamp":1783948659065,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]],"date-time":"2022-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"VA Merit Review Grant","award":["I01BX003395"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01BX003395"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01AR071157-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01AR071157-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Type I interferons (IFNs) are important enhancers of immune responses which are downregulated in human cancers, including skin cancer. Solar ultraviolet (UV) B radiation is a proven environmental carcinogen, and its exposure contributes to the high prevalence of skin cancer. The carcinogenic effects of UV light can be attributed to the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and errors in the repair and replication of DNA. Treatment with a single dose of UVB (100 mJ\/cm2) upregulated IFN\u03b1 and IFN\u03b2 in the skin of C57BL\/6 mice. IFN\u03b1 and IFN\u03b2 were predominantly produced by CD11b+ cells. In mice lacking the type I IFN receptor 1 (IFNAR1), the repair of CPD following cutaneous exposure to a single dose of UVB (100 mJ\/cm2) was decreased. UVB induced the expression of the DNA repair gene xeroderma pigmentosum A (XPA) in wild-type (WT) mice. In contrast, such treatment in IFNAR1 (IFNAR1-\/-) mice downregulated XPA. A local UVB regimen consisting of UVB radiation (150 mJ\/cm2) for 4 days followed by sensitization with hapten 2,4, dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) resulted in significant suppression of immune responses in both WT and IFNAR1-\/- mice. However, there were significantly higher CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells in the draining lymph nodes of IFNAR1-\/- mice in comparison to WT mice. Overall, our studies reveal a previously unknown action of type I IFNs in the repair of photodamage and the prevention of UVB-induced immune suppression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T20:36:47Z","timestamp":1644179807000},"page":"1822","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Type I Interferons Enhance the Repair of Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced DNA Damage and Regulate Cutaneous Immune Suppression"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5317-1557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Asif","family":"Sherwani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6164-9247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Israr","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica J.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4723-5686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abdelgawad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harunur","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chander","family":"Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig A.","family":"Elmets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"},{"name":"O\u2019Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"},{"name":"Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5730-0037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nabiha","family":"Yusuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"},{"name":"O\u2019Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"},{"name":"Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0012.2005.00412.x","article-title":"Systemic strategies for chemoprevention of skin cancers in transplant recipients","volume":"19","author":"Kovach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. 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