{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T06:25:08Z","timestamp":1780986308074,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuropathic pain is a form of chronic pain arising from damage of the neural cells that sense, transmit or process sensory information. Given its growing prevalence and common refractoriness to conventional analgesics, the development of new drugs with pain relief effects constitutes a prominent clinical need. In this respect, drugs that reduce activity of sensory neurons by modulating ion channels hold the promise to become effective analgesics. Here, we evaluated the mechanical antinociceptive effect of IQM-PC332, a novel ligand of the multifunctional protein downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator (DREAM) in rats subjected to chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve as a model of neuropathic pain. IQM-PC332 administered by intraplantar (0.01\u201310 \u00b5g) or intraperitoneal (0.02\u20131 \u00b5g\/kg) injection reduced mechanical sensitivity by \u2248100% of the maximum possible effect, with ED50 of 0.27 \u00b1 0.05 \u00b5g and 0.09 \u00b1 0.01 \u00b5g\/kg, respectively. Perforated-patch whole-cell recordings in isolated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons showed that IQM-PC332 (1 and 10 \u00b5M) reduced ionic currents through voltage-gated K+ channels responsible for A-type potassium currents, low, T-type, and high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels, and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) channels. Furthermore, IQM-PC332 (1 \u00b5M) reduced electrically evoked action potentials in DRG neurons from neuropathic animals. It is suggested that by modulating multiple DREAM\u2013ion channel signaling complexes, IQM-PC332 may serve a lead compound of novel multimodal analgesics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23042142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T22:44:47Z","timestamp":1644965087000},"page":"2142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["IQM-PC332, a Novel DREAM Ligand with Antinociceptive Effect on Peripheral Nerve Injury-Induced Pain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7097-1708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula G.","family":"Socu\u00e9llamos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty and Instituto Universitario de Investigaci\u00f3n en Neuroqu\u00edmica (IUIN), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0595-073X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis A.","family":"Olivos-Or\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty and Instituto Universitario de Investigaci\u00f3n en Neuroqu\u00edmica (IUIN), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Victoria","family":"Barahona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty and Instituto Universitario de Investigaci\u00f3n en Neuroqu\u00edmica (IUIN), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Cerc\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica (IQM-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"P\u00e9rez Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty and Instituto Universitario de Investigaci\u00f3n en Neuroqu\u00edmica (IUIN), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Arribas-Bl\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty and Instituto Universitario de Investigaci\u00f3n en Neuroqu\u00edmica (IUIN), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3n","family":"Naranjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda\u2013Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3929-1960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Valenzuela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9720-9190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica (IQM-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9855-8341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio R.","family":"Artalejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty and Instituto Universitario de Investigaci\u00f3n en Neuroqu\u00edmica (IUIN), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"6656863","article-title":"Pharmacotherapeutic Options for Managing Neuropathic Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"2021","author":"Cruccu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Res. Manag."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8641-6","article-title":"Advances in Understanding Nociception and Neuropathic Pain","volume":"265","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3602","article-title":"Regulating Excitability of Peripheral Afferents: Emerging Ion Channel Targets","volume":"17","author":"Waxman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-6606-5-2","article-title":"Understanding the Physiological Roles of the Neuronal Calcium Sensor Proteins","volume":"5","author":"Burgoyne","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Brain"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1038\/2673","article-title":"Calsenilin: A Calcium-Binding Protein That Interacts with the Presenilins and Regulates the Levels of a Presenilin Fragment","volume":"4","author":"Buxbaum","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/18044","article-title":"DREAM Is a Ca2+-Regulated Transcriptional Repressor","volume":"398","author":"Link","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1038\/35000592","article-title":"Modulation of A-Type Potassium Channels by a Family of Calcium Sensors","volume":"403","author":"An","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevNeurobiol.v16.i12.40","article-title":"The BDNF Gene: Exemplifying Complexity in Ca2+ -Dependent Gene Expression","volume":"16","author":"Mellstrom","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"95","article-title":"DREAM Regulates BDNF-De.ependent Spinal Sensitization","volume":"6","author":"Benedet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Pain"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00629-8","article-title":"DREAM Is a Critical Transcriptional Repressor for Pain Modulation","volume":"108","author":"Cheng","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13584","article-title":"Transcriptional Repressor DREAM Regulates Trigeminal Noxious Perception","volume":"141","author":"Benedet","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3555","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600810","article-title":"Transcriptional Repressor DREAM Regulates T-Lymphocyte Proliferation and Cytokine Gene Expression","volume":"24","author":"Savignac","year":"2005","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7575","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1312-10.2010","article-title":"The DREAM Protein Negatively Regulates the NMDA Receptor through Interaction with the NR1 Subunit","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2242-17.2018","article-title":"KChIP3 N-Terminal 31-50 Fragment Mediates Its Association with TRPV1 and Alleviates Inflammatory Hyperalgesia in Rats","volume":"38","author":"Tian","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2004.06.011","article-title":"Molecular Physiology and Modulation of Somatodendritic A-Type Potassium Channels","volume":"27","author":"Jerng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2493","article-title":"Regulation of Neuronal Activity by Cav3-Kv4 Channel Signaling Complexes","volume":"13","author":"Anderson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.196972","article-title":"Accessory Subunit KChIP2 Modulates the Cardiac L-Type Calcium Current","volume":"104","author":"Thomsen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2012.07.007","article-title":"Distinct Cellular Distributions of Kv4 Pore-Forming and Auxiliary Subunits in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons","volume":"91","author":"Matsuyoshi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23876","article-title":"Coexpression of Auxiliary Subunits KChIP and DPPL in Potassium Channel Kv4-Positive Nociceptors and Pain-Modulating Spinal Interneurons","volume":"524","author":"Cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7260","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43677-7","article-title":"Targeting the Neuronal Calcium Sensor DREAM with Small-Molecules for Huntington\u2019s Disease Treatment","volume":"9","author":"Peraza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cerc\u00f3s, P., Peraza, D.A., Benito-Bueno, A., Socu\u00e9llamos, P.G., Aziz-Nignan, A., Arrechaga-Est\u00e9vez, D., Beato, E., Pe\u00f1a-Acevedo, E., Albert, A., and Gonz\u00e1lez-Vera, J.A. (2021). Pharmacological Approaches for the Modulation of the Potassium Channel KV4.x and KChIPs. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22031419"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.02.003.2009","article-title":"Kv4 Channels Underlie the Subthreshold-Operating A-Type K+-Current in Nociceptive Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons","volume":"2","author":"Phuket","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2013.12.002","article-title":"Opening Paths to Novel Analgesics: The Role of Potassium Channels in Chronic Pain","volume":"37","author":"Tsantoulas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(02)00388-1","article-title":"Downregulation of Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel Alpha Gene Expression in Dorsal Root Ganglia Following Chronic Constriction Injury of the Rat Sciatic Nerve","volume":"105","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000505","article-title":"Decreased Voltage-Gated Potassium Currents in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons after Chronic Constriction Injury","volume":"27","author":"Xiao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6802","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.17.6802","article-title":"Transient Low-Threshold Ca2+ Current Triggers Burst Firing through an Afterdepolarizing Potential in an Adult Mammalian Neuron","volume":"86","author":"White","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600515","article-title":"Silencing of the Cav3.2 T-Type Calcium Channel Gene in Sensory Neurons Demonstrates Its Major Role in Nociception","volume":"24","author":"Bourinet","year":"2005","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4351","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.053280","article-title":"Regulation of N-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels (Cav2.2) and Transmitter Release by Collapsin Response Mediator Protein-2 (CRMP-2) in Sensory Neurons","volume":"122","author":"Chi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"1117","article-title":"Role of Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channel Subtypes in Experimental Tactile Allodynia","volume":"269","author":"Chaplan","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200108080-00027","article-title":"Differential Nociceptive Responses in Mice Lacking the Alpha(1B) Subunit of N-Type Ca(2+) Channels","volume":"12","author":"Hatakeyama","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-014-1484-4","article-title":"T-Type Calcium Channels in Chronic Pain: Mouse Models and Specific Blockers","volume":"466","author":"Laffray","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13789","article-title":"Calcium Channel Modulation as a Target in Chronic Pain Control","volume":"175","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1987.sp016551","article-title":"Kinetics and Selectivity of a Low-Voltage-Activated Calcium Current in Chick and Rat Sensory Neurones","volume":"386","author":"Carbone","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3151","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01031.2007","article-title":"Upregulation of the T-Type Calcium Current in Small Rat Sensory Neurons after Chronic Constrictive Injury of the Sciatic Nerve","volume":"99","author":"Jagodic","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1038\/39807","article-title":"The Capsaicin Receptor: A Heat-Activated Ion Channel in the Pain Pathway","volume":"389","author":"Caterina","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arribas-Bl\u00e1zquez, M., Olivos-Or\u00e9, L.A., Barahona, M.V., S\u00e1nchez de la Muela, M., Solar, V., Jim\u00e9nez, E., Gualix, J., McIntosh, J.M., Ferrer-Montiel, A., and Miras-Portugal, M.T. (2019). Overexpression of P2X3 and P2X7 Receptors and TRPV1 Channels in Adrenomedullary Chromaffin Cells in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20010155"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2014.02.008","article-title":"Assessment of Sensory Thresholds and Nociceptive Fiber Growth after Sciatic Nerve Injury Reveals the Differential Contribution of Collateral Reinnervation and Nerve Regeneration to Neuropathic Pain","volume":"255","author":"Cobianchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2014.03.015","article-title":"Innervation Mapping of the Hind Paw of the Rat Using Evans Blue Extravasation, Optical Surface Mapping and CASAM","volume":"229","author":"Kambiz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)90083-3","article-title":"Behavioural Pain-Related Disorders and Contribution of the Saphenous Nerve in Crush and Chronic Constriction Injury of the Rat Sciatic Nerve","volume":"59","author":"Attal","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-101011-155833","article-title":"TRP Channels and Pain","volume":"29","author":"Julius","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13962","article-title":"Sodium Channels and Pain: From Toxins to Therapies","volume":"175","author":"Cardoso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-05-01789.1992","article-title":"Multiple Ca2+ Currents Elicited by Action Potential Waveforms in Acutely Isolated Adult Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons","volume":"12","author":"Scroggs","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6319","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-16-06319.1998","article-title":"Localization of Ca2+ Channel Subtypes on Rat Spinal Motor Neurons, Interneurons, and Nerve Terminals","volume":"18","author":"Westenbroek","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.07.005","article-title":"Immunohistological Demonstration of CaV3.2 T-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel Expression in Soma of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons and Peripheral Axons of Rat and Mouse","volume":"250","author":"Rose","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Peraza, D.M. (2015). Efectos Electrofisiol\u00f3gicos de PC332 Y PC342 Sobre Los Canales Kv4.3 y Kv4.3+KChIP3. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid]."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(92)90039-A","article-title":"Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide like-Immunoreactivity Induced by Electrical Field Stimulation from Rat Spinal Afferents Is Mediated by Conotoxin-Sensitive Calcium Channels","volume":"136","author":"Santicioli","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.06.018","article-title":"Intrathecal P\/Q- and R-Type Calcium Channel Blockade of Spinal Substance P Release and c-Fos Expression","volume":"75","author":"Terashima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9374","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0068-12.2012","article-title":"Presynaptic Cav3.2 Channels Regulate Excitatory Neurotransmission in Nociceptive Dorsal Horn Neurons","volume":"32","author":"Jacus","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"9","article-title":"Role of Decreased Sensory Neuron Membrane Calcium Currents in the Genesis of Neuropathic Pain","volume":"48","author":"Hogan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Croat. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3401","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01267.2004","article-title":"A-Type Voltage-Gated K+ Currents Influence Firing Properties of Isolectin B4-Positive but Not Isolectin B4-Negative Primary Sensory Neurons","volume":"93","author":"Vydyanathan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.318","article-title":"Baicalin Prevents the Up-Regulation of TRPV1 in Dorsal Root Ganglion and Attenuates Chronic Neuropathic Pain","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2014.00082","article-title":"Modulatory Mechanisms and Multiple Functions of Somatodendritic A-Type K (+) Channel Auxiliary Subunits","volume":"8","author":"Jerng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2019.00005","article-title":"Global Gene Knockout of Kcnip3 Enhances Pain Sensitivity and Exacerbates Negative Emotions in Rats","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90209-6","article-title":"A Peripheral Mononeuropathy in Rat That Produces Disorders of Pain Sensation like Those Seen in Man","volume":"33","author":"Bennett","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arribas-Bl\u00e1zquez, M., Olivos-Or\u00e9, L.A., Barahona, M.V., Wojnicz, A., De Pascual, R., S\u00e1nchez de la Muela, M., Garc\u00eda, A.G., and Artalejo, A.R. (2020). The Adrenal Medulla Modulates Mechanical Allodynia in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21218325"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(03)74567-6","article-title":"Distinct Potentiation of L-Type Currents and Secretion by CAMP in Rat Chromaffin Cells","volume":"85","author":"Carabelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biophys. J."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/4\/2142\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:19:59Z","timestamp":1760134799000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/4\/2142"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms23042142"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23042142","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]]}}}