{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:44:07Z","timestamp":1790779447495,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UMO-2017\/25\/B\/ST5\/00575"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMO-2017\/25\/B\/ST5\/00575"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The aim of the research presented here was to find a set of parameters enabling discrimination between three types of fibroblasts, i.e., healthy ones and those derived from two disorders mimicking each other: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). Methods: The morphology and growth of cells were traced using fluorescence microscopy and analyzed quantitatively using cell proliferation and substrate cytotoxicity indices. The viability of cells was recorded using MTS assays, and their stiffness was examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM) working in force spectroscopy (FS) mode. To enhance any possible difference in the examined parameters, experiments were performed with cells cultured on substrates of different elasticities. Moreover, the chemical composition of cells was determined using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), combined with sophisticated analytical tools, i.e., Multivariate Curve Resolution (MCR) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Results: The obtained results demonstrate that discrimination between cell lines derived from healthy and diseased patients is possible based on the analysis of the growth of cells, as well as their physical and chemical properties. In turn, the comparative analysis of the cellular response to altered stiffness of the substrates enables the identification of each cell line, including distinguishing between IPF- and NSIP-derived fibroblasts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23042162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T22:44:47Z","timestamp":1644965087000},"page":"2162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Discrimination between NSIP- and IPF-Derived Fibroblasts Based on Multi-Parameter Characterization of Their Growth, Morphology and Physic-Chemical Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Orzechowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamil","family":"Awsiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, \u0141ojasiewicza 11, 30-428 Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"Jagiellonian Center of Biomedical Imaging, Jagiellonian University, \u0141ojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5807-2440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawid","family":"Wnuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Pabijan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Stachura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerzy","family":"Soja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"S\u0142adek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2307-4614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Raczkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, \u0141ojasiewicza 11, 30-428 Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"Jagiellonian Center of Biomedical Imaging, Jagiellonian University, \u0141ojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2004.05.007","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease: Clinical evaluation and keys to an accurate diagnosis","volume":"25","author":"Raghu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. 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