{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:33:41Z","timestamp":1790555621141,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Airborne particulate matter with a diameter size of \u226410 \u00b5m (PM10) is a carcinogen that contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), which form PAH\u2013DNA adducts. However, the way in which these adducts are managed by DNA repair pathways in cells exposed to PM10 has been partially described. We evaluated the effect of PM10 on nucleotide excision repair (NER) activity and on the levels of different proteins of this pathway that eliminate bulky DNA adducts. Our results showed that human lung epithelial cells (A549) exposed to 10 \u00b5g\/cm2 of PM10 exhibited PAH\u2013DNA adducts as well as an increase in RAD23 and XPD protein levels (first responders in NER). In addition, PM10 increased the levels of H4K20me2, a recruitment signal for XPA. However, we observed a decrease in total and phosphorylated XPA (Ser196) and an increase in phosphatase WIP1, aside from the absence of XPA\u2013RPA complex, which participates in DNA-damage removal. Additionally, an NER activity assay demonstrated inhibition of the NER functionality in cells exposed to PM10, indicating that XPA alterations led to deficiencies in DNA repair. These results demonstrate that PM10 exposure induces an accumulation of DNA damage that is associated with NER inhibition, highlighting the role of PM10 as an important contributor to lung cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23042224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T20:25:45Z","timestamp":1645129545000},"page":"2224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Nucleotide Excision Repair Pathway Activity Is Inhibited by Airborne Particulate Matter (PM10) through XPA Deregulation in Lung Epithelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9895-8302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ericka Marel","family":"Quezada-Maldonado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Subdirecci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n B\u00e1sica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico"},{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoac\u00e1n 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6627-3392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolanda I.","family":"Chirino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz 54090, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2653-8039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Eugenia","family":"Gonsebatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica y Toxicolog\u00eda Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoac\u00e1n 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0963-4021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Morales-B\u00e1rcenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Subdirecci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n B\u00e1sica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0103-9188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yesennia","family":"S\u00e1nchez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Subdirecci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n B\u00e1sica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8080-5797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia M.","family":"Garc\u00eda-Cuellar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Subdirecci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n B\u00e1sica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32575","article-title":"Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and the Incidence of Lung Cancer and Breast Cancer in the Ontario Population Health and Environment Cohort","volume":"146","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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