{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T01:04:09Z","timestamp":1785200649036,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Duchenne Parent Project, Italy","award":["Bouche"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Bouche"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004271","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP120172B32DE4C7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP120172B32DE4C7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004271","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004271","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP11715C7D238352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP11715C7D238352"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004271","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004271","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RM118164275C7EBE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RM118164275C7EBE"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004271","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004271","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RM11916B7E20311C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RM11916B7E20311C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004271","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic cardiac muscle inflammation and subsequent fibrotic tissue deposition are key features in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). The treatment of choice for delaying DMD progression both in skeletal and cardiac muscle are corticosteroids, supporting the notion that chronic inflammation in the heart plays a pivotal role in fibrosis deposition and subsequent cardiac dysfunction. Nevertheless, considering the adverse effects associated with long-term corticosteroid treatments, there is a need for novel anti-inflammatory therapies. In this study, we used our recently described exercised mdx (ex mdx) mouse model characterised by accelerated heart pathology, and the specific PKC\u03b8 inhibitor Compound 20 (C20), to show that inhibition of this kinase leads to a significant reduction in the number of immune cells infiltrating the heart, as well as necrosis and fibrosis. Functionally, C20 treatment also prevented the reduction in left ventricle fractional shortening, which was typically observed in the vehicle-treated ex mdx mice. Based on these findings, we propose that PKC\u03b8 pharmacological inhibition could be an attractive therapeutic approach to treating dystrophic cardiomyopathy<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23042256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T08:18:05Z","timestamp":1645431485000},"page":"2256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Inhibition of PKC\u03b8 Improves Dystrophic Heart Phenotype and Function in a Novel Model of DMD Cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Morroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7903-7660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Schirone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Valenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3097-0003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clemens","family":"Zwergel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carles S\u00e1nchez","family":"Riera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2241-607X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3859-6869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Vecchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Schiavon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5399-975X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rino","family":"Ragno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9176-2382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonello","family":"Mai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastiano","family":"Sciarretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biliana","family":"Lozanoska-Ochser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0938-5360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Bouch\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2006.09.016","article-title":"Pathophysiology of duchenne muscular dystrophy: Current hypotheses","volume":"36","author":"Deconinck","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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