{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T20:17:55Z","timestamp":1783714675279,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,20]],"date-time":"2022-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004055","name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DF201015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DF201015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nanoparticles prepared from bio-reduction agents are of keen interest to researchers around the globe due to their ability to mitigate the harmful effects of chemicals. In this regard, the present study aims to synthesize copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) by utilizing root extracts of ginger and garlic as reducing agents, followed by the characterization and evaluation of their antimicrobial properties against multiple drug resistant (MDR) S. aureus. In this study, UV-vis spectroscopy revealed a reduced degree of absorption with an increase in the extract amount present in CuO. The maximum absorbance for doped NPs was recorded around 250 nm accompanying redshift. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the monoclinic crystal phase of the particles. The fabricated NPs exhibited spherical shapes with dense agglomeration when examined with FE-SEM and TEM. The crystallite size measured by using XRD was found to be within a range of 23.38\u201346.64 nm for ginger-doped CuO and 26\u201356 nm for garlic-doped CuO. Green synthesized NPs of ginger demonstrated higher bactericidal tendencies against MDR S. aureus. At minimum and maximum concentrations of ginger-doped CuO NPs, substantial inhibition areas for MDR S. aureus were (2.05\u20133.80 mm) and (3.15\u20135.65 mm), and they were measured as (1.1\u20133.55 mm) and (1.25\u20134.45 mm) for garlic-doped NPs. Conventionally available CuO and crude aqueous extract (CAE) of ginger and garlic roots reduced MB in 12, 21, and 38 min, respectively, in comparison with an efficient (100%) reduction of dye in 1 min and 15 s for ginger and garlic doped CuO NPs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23042335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T09:19:39Z","timestamp":1645435179000},"page":"2335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["In-Vitro Catalytic and Antibacterial Potential of Green Synthesized CuO Nanoparticles against Prevalent Multiple Drug Resistant Bovine Mastitogen Staphylococcus aureus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0259-301X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anwar","family":"Ul-Hamid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Core Research Facilities, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hatim","family":"Dafalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Core Research Facilities, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1422-442X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbas Saeed","family":"Hakeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Haider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture (MNSUA), Multan 66000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7741-789X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ikram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Solar Cell Applications Research Lab, Department of Physics, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(83)82005-0","article-title":"Mastitis\u2014progress on control","volume":"66","author":"Dodd","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. 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