{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:56:12Z","timestamp":1789736172910,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":163,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UMO-2018\/31\/B\/NZ6\/02476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMO-2018\/31\/B\/NZ6\/02476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["024\/RID\/2018\/19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["024\/RID\/2018\/19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>For decades, biomaterials have been commonly used in medicine for the replacement of human body tissue, precise drug-delivery systems, or as parts of medical devices that are essential for some treatment methods. Due to rapid progress in the field of new materials, updates on the state of knowledge about biomaterials are frequently needed. This article describes the clinical application of different types of biomaterials in the field of otorhinolaryngology, i.e., head and neck surgery, focusing on their antimicrobial properties. The variety of their applications includes cochlear implants, middle ear prostheses, voice prostheses, materials for osteosynthesis, and nasal packing after nasal\/paranasal sinuses surgery. Ceramics, such as as hydroxyapatite, zirconia, or metals and metal alloys, still have applications in the head and neck region. Tissue engineering scaffolds and drug-eluting materials, such as polymers and polymer-based composites, are becoming more common. The restoration of life tissue and the ability to prevent microbial colonization should be taken into consideration when designing the materials to be used for implant production. The authors of this paper have reviewed publications available in PubMed from the last five years about the recent progress in this topic but also establish the state of knowledge of the most common application of biomaterials over the last few decades.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23052575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]],"date-time":"2022-02-27T20:47:17Z","timestamp":1645994837000},"page":"2575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Biocompatible Materials in Otorhinolaryngology and Their Antibacterial Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8943-4408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Spa\u0142ek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wiek\u00f3w Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Holy-Cross Cancer Center, Artwi\u0144skiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Ociepa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Holy-Cross Cancer Center, Artwi\u0144skiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Deptu\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewelina","family":"Piktel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2B, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Daniluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Kr\u00f3l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wiek\u00f3w Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanis\u0142aw","family":"G\u00f3\u017ad\u017a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wiek\u00f3w Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7664-9226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Bucki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wiek\u00f3w Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Ok\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wiek\u00f3w Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Holy-Cross Cancer Center, Artwi\u0144skiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bergman, C.P., and Aisha, S. 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