{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T17:53:47Z","timestamp":1777571627213,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005916","name":"University of La Frontera","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DI19-0024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DI19-0024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005916","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to analyze the suitability of pluripotent stem cells derived from the amnion (hAECs) as a potential cell source for revitalization in vitro. hAECs were isolated from human placentas, and dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and dentin matrix proteins (eDMPs) were obtained from human teeth. Both hAECs and hDPSCs were cultured with 10% FBS, eDMPs and an osteogenic differentiation medium (StemPro). Viability was assessed by MTT and cell adherence to dentin was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the expression of mineralization-, odontogenic differentiation- and epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition-associated genes was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, and mineralization was evaluated through Alizarin Red staining. The viability of hAECs was significantly lower compared with hDPSCs in all groups and at all time points. Both hAECs and hDPSCs adhered to dentin and were homogeneously distributed. The regulation of odontoblast differentiation- and mineralization-associated genes showed the lack of transition of hAECs into an odontoblastic phenotype; however, genes associated with epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition were significantly upregulated in hAECs. hAECs showed small amounts of calcium deposition after osteogenic differentiation with StemPro. Pluripotent hAECs adhere on dentin and possess the capacity to mineralize. However, they presented an unfavorable proliferation behavior and failed to undergo odontoblastic transition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23052830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,6]],"date-time":"2022-03-06T20:38:16Z","timestamp":1646599096000},"page":"2830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Human Amnion Epithelial Cells: A Potential Cell Source for Pulp Regeneration?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3838-1227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Bucchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Dental Sciences (CICO), Department of Integral Adult Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6844-528X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ella","family":"Ohlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josep Maria de","family":"Anta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Woelflick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Galler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4585-4953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Cristina","family":"Manzanares-Cespedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7917-9466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Widbiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.09.013","article-title":"Regenerative Endodontics: A Review of Current Status and a Call for Action","volume":"33","author":"Murray","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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