{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:13:45Z","timestamp":1791461625851,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI147326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI147326"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1 S10 RR023735-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1 S10 RR023735-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000292","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-SRC 010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-SRC 010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000292","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JACKSO18G0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JACKSO18G0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Vertex Research Innovation Award","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]},{"name":"Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant","award":["845479"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["845479"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Biofilm growth is thought to be a significant obstacle to the successful treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus infections. A search for agents capable of inhibiting M. abscessus biofilms led to our interest in 2-aminoimidazoles and related scaffolds, which have proven to display antibiofilm properties against a number of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis. The screening of a library of 30 compounds led to the identification of a compound, AB-2-29, which inhibits the formation of M. abscessus biofilms with an IC50 (the concentration required to inhibit 50% of biofilm formation) in the range of 12.5 to 25 \u03bcM. Interestingly, AB-2-29 appears to chelate zinc, and its antibiofilm activity is potentiated by the addition of zinc to the culture medium. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that AB-2-29 acts through a distinct mechanism from those reported to date for 2-aminoimidazole compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23062950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T11:30:38Z","timestamp":1646825438000},"page":"2950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["2-Aminoimidazoles Inhibit Mycobacterium abscessus Biofilms in a Zinc-Dependent Manner"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1336-9141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan M.","family":"Belardinelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin H.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Zeiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1062-4058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Avanzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Crystal J.","family":"Wiersma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuan Vu","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhanupriya","family":"Angala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinicius C. N.","family":"de Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley R.","family":"Borlee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Melander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2014.12.002","article-title":"The growing threat of nontuberculous mycobacteria in CF","volume":"14","author":"Floto","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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