{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T07:54:21Z","timestamp":1790322861650,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Targeting molecular alterations as an effective treatment for isocitrate dehydrogenase-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM) patients has not yet been established. Sterol-O-Acyl Transferase 1 (SOAT1), a key enzyme in the conversion of endoplasmic reticulum cholesterol to esters for storage in lipid droplets (LD), serves as a target for the orphan drug mitotane to treat adrenocortical carcinoma. Inhibition of SOAT1 also suppresses GBM growth. Here, we refined SOAT1-expression in GBM and IDH-mutant astrocytoma, CNS WHO grade 4 (HGA), and assessed the distribution of LD in these tumors. Twenty-seven GBM and three HGA specimens were evaluated by multiple GFAP, Iba1, IDH1 R132H, and SOAT1 immunofluorescence labeling as well as Oil Red O staining. To a small extent SOAT1 was expressed by tumor cells in both tumor entities. In contrast, strong expression was observed in glioma-associated macrophages. Triple immunofluorescence labeling revealed, for the first time, evidence for SOAT1 colocalization with Iba1 and IDH1 R132H, respectively. Furthermore, a notable difference in the amount of LD between GBM and HGA was observed. Therefore, SOAT1 suppression might be a therapeutic option to target GBM and HGA growth and invasiveness. In addition, the high expression in cells related to neuroinflammation could be beneficial for a concomitant suppression of protumoral microglia\/macrophages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T21:44:52Z","timestamp":1648590292000},"page":"3726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["SOAT1: A Suitable Target for Therapy in High-Grade Astrocytic Glioma?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Mario","family":"L\u00f6hr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"H\u00e4rtig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almut","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Tumor Metabolism and Microenvironment, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Kroi\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6271-5533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silviu","family":"Sbiera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7536-2207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantin","family":"Lapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Mages","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anatomy, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Strobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer Elisabeth","family":"Hundt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Bohnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Kircher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudha","family":"Janaki-Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camelia-Maria","family":"Monoranu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.11.010","article-title":"Greasing the Wheels of the Cancer Machine: The Role of Lipid Metabolism in Cancer","volume":"31","author":"Snaebjornsson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2021.04.013","article-title":"Lipid metabolism in cancer: New perspectives and emerging mechanisms","volume":"56","author":"Broadfield","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dev. 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