{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T16:54:01Z","timestamp":1793724841532,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":240,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007388","name":"Compagnia di San Paolo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018.AAI629.U730\/SD\/pv"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018.AAI629.U730\/SD\/pv"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007388","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministry of Education, Universities and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017F2A2C5-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017F2A2C5-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000406","name":"Motor Neurone Disease Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["April16\/848-791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["April16\/848-791"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000406","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential post-transcriptional gene regulators involved in various neuronal and non-neuronal cell functions and play a key role in pathological conditions. Numerous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are dysregulated in major neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer\u2019s disease, Parkinson\u2019s disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or Huntington\u2019s disease. Hence, in the present work, we constructed a comprehensive overview of individual microRNA alterations in various models of the above neurodegenerative diseases. We also provided evidence of miRNAs as promising biomarkers for prognostic and diagnostic approaches. In addition, we summarized data from the literature about miRNA-based therapeutic applications via inhibiting or promoting miRNA expression. We finally identified the overlapping miRNA signature across the diseases, including miR-128, miR-140-5p, miR-206, miR-326, and miR-155, associated with multiple etiological cellular mechanisms. However, it remains to be established whether and to what extent miRNA-based therapies could be safely exploited in the future as effective symptomatic or disease-modifying approaches in the different human neurodegenerative disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23094718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T21:16:28Z","timestamp":1650921388000},"page":"4718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["MicroRNA Alteration, Application as Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Approaches in Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9506-7838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T. P. Nhung","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandeep","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0386-0925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernesto","family":"Fedele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3744-5786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giambattista","family":"Bonanno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3966-9874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiziana","family":"Bonifacino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181e913c2","article-title":"MicroRNAs: Small RNAs With Big Effects","volume":"90","author":"Anglicheau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00402","article-title":"Overview of MicroRNA Biogenesis, Mechanisms of Actions, and Circulation","volume":"9","author":"Hayder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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