{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T01:16:51Z","timestamp":1788052611023,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":262,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity is one of the greatest health challenges affecting children of all ages and ethnicities. Almost 19% of children and adolescents worldwide are overweight or obese, with an upward trend in the last decades. These reports imply an increased risk of fat accumulation in hepatic cells leading to a series of histological hepatic damages gathered under the acronym NAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease). Due to the complex dynamics underlying this condition, it has been recently renamed as \u2018Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)\u2019, supporting the hypothesis that hepatic steatosis is a key component of the large group of clinical and laboratory abnormalities of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). This review aims to share the latest scientific knowledge on MAFLD in children in an attempt to offer novel insights into the complex dynamics underlying this condition, focusing on the novel molecular aspects. Although there is still no treatment with a proven efficacy for this condition, starting from the molecular basis of the disease, MAFLD\u2019s therapeutic landscape is rapidly expanding, and different medications seem to act as modifiers of liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23094822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T13:40:57Z","timestamp":1651066857000},"page":"4822","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Liver Steatosis: A Marker of Metabolic Risk in Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Costanza Renata","family":"Neri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 5, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2605-925X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serena","family":"Scapaticci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 5, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Chiarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 5, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2904-2744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosimo","family":"Giannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 5, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1212","article-title":"Prevalence of Fatty Liver in Children and Adolescents","volume":"118","author":"Schwimmer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1091983","article-title":"Diagnosis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Invasive versus Noninvasive","volume":"28","author":"Wieckowska","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin. 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