{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:24:40Z","timestamp":1772252680918,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002426","name":"Italian Telethon ONLUS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GGP19231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GGP19231"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002426","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002426","name":"Italian Telethon ONLUS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 AR059646-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 AR059646-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002426","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002426","name":"Italian Telethon ONLUS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2015ZZR4W3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2015ZZR4W3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002426","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health USA","award":["GGP19231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GGP19231"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health USA","award":["RO1 AR059646-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 AR059646-06"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health USA","award":["#2015ZZR4W3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2015ZZR4W3"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["GGP19231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GGP19231"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["RO1 AR059646-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 AR059646-06"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["#2015ZZR4W3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2015ZZR4W3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Environmental heat-stroke (HS) is a life-threatening response often triggered by hot and humid weather. Several lines of evidence indicate that HS is caused by excessive heat production in skeletal muscle, which in turn is the result of abnormal Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and excessive production of oxidative species of oxygen and nitrogen. As a high fat diet is known to increase oxidative stress, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of 3 months of high-fat diet (HFD) on the HS susceptibility of wild type (WT) mice. HS susceptibility was tested in an environmental chamber where 4 months old WT mice were exposed to heat stress (41 \u00b0C for 1 h). In comparison with mice fed with a regular diet, mice fed with HFD showed: (a) increased body weight and accumulation of adipose tissue; (b) elevated oxidative stress in skeletal muscles; (c) increased heat generation and oxygen consumption during exposure to heat stress; and finally, (d) enhanced sensitivity to both temperature and caffeine of isolated muscles during in-vitro contracture test. These data (a) suggest that HFD predisposes WT mice to heat stress and (b) could have implications for guidelines regarding food intake during periods of intense environmental heat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23095286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T21:23:27Z","timestamp":1652131407000},"page":"5286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["High-Fat Diet Impairs Muscle Function and Increases the Risk of Environmental Heatstroke in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4151-2980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Serano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. D\u2019Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"},{"name":"DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. D\u2019Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Paolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. D\u2019Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"},{"name":"DNICS, Department of Neuroscience and Clinical Sciences, University G. D\u2019Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Michelucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. D\u2019Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1197-7813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Pietrangelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. D\u2019Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"},{"name":"DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. D\u2019Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flavia A.","family":"Guarnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0213-7591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feliciano","family":"Protasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. D\u2019Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"},{"name":"DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. D\u2019Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/25030","article-title":"Increased Summertime Heat Stress in the US","volume":"396","author":"Gaffen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxf007","article-title":"Relation between Elevated Ambient Temperature and Mortality: A Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence","volume":"24","author":"Basu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.15171\/ijoem.2017.963","article-title":"Global Warming and Its Health Impact","volume":"8","author":"Rossati","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1080\/00431672.1980.9931900","article-title":"Heat Wave","volume":"33","author":"Posey","year":"1980","journal-title":"Weatherwise"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.2005.00694.x","article-title":"The 2003 Heat Wave in France: Dangerous Climate Change Here and Now","volume":"25","author":"Mays","year":"2005","journal-title":"Risk Anal."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim, C.L. (2020). Fundamental Concepts of Human Thermoregulation and Adaptation to Heat: A Review in the Context of Global Warming. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17217795"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3861","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1617526114","article-title":"Communicating the Deadly Consequences of Global Warming for Human Heat Stress","volume":"114","author":"Matthews","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1097\/00044067-200404000-00013","article-title":"Heat Stroke: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"15","author":"Yeo","year":"2004","journal-title":"AACN Clin. Issues"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra011089","article-title":"Heat Stroke","volume":"346","author":"Bouchama","year":"2002","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(200001)23:1<4::AID-MUS3>3.0.CO;2-D","article-title":"Genetics and Pathogenesis of Malignant Hyperthermia","volume":"23","author":"McCarthy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000189596.70694.36","article-title":"Malignant Hyperthermia Following Systemic Rewarming after Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass","volume":"102","author":"Lichtman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2005.06.008","article-title":"Ryanodine Receptor 1 Mutations, Dysregulation of Calcium Homeostasis and Neuromuscular Disorders","volume":"15","author":"Treves","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuromuscul. Dis."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43838","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M403612200","article-title":"Effect of Ryanodine Receptor Mutations on Interleukin-6 Release and Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis in Human Myotubes from Malignant Hyperthermia-Susceptible Individuals and Patients Affected by Central Core Disease","volume":"279","author":"Ducreux","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/85.1.118","article-title":"Malignant Hyperthermia: Advances in Clinical Management and Diagnosis","volume":"85","author":"Hopkins","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/66.1.138","article-title":"Muscle Biopsy for Diagnosis of Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptibility in Two Patients with Severe Exercise-Induced Myolysis","volume":"66","author":"Hackl","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200109000-00030","article-title":"A Noninvasive Investigation of Muscle Energetics Supports Similarities between Exertional Heat Stroke and Malignant Hyperthermia","volume":"93","author":"Bendahan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197201000-00008","article-title":"Malignant Hyperthermia of Swine","volume":"36","author":"Jones","year":"1972","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197201000-00009","article-title":"Malignant Hyperthermia of Poland China Swine: Studies of a Myogenic Etiology","volume":"36","author":"Nelson","year":"1972","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.05-4497fje","article-title":"Heat- and Anesthesia-Induced Malignant Hyperthermia in an RyR1 Knock-in Mouse","volume":"20","author":"Chelu","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200612000-00016","article-title":"Pharmacologic and Functional Characterization of Malignant Hyperthermia in the R163C RyR1 Knock-in Mouse","volume":"105","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-121335","article-title":"Anesthetic- and Heat-Induced Sudden Death in Calsequestrin-1-Knockout Mice","volume":"23","author":"Dainese","year":"2009","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4652480","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4652480","article-title":"Aerobic Training Prevents Heatstrokes in Calsequestrin-1 Knockout Mice by Reducing Oxidative Stress","volume":"2018","author":"Guarnier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000748","article-title":"Antioxidants Protect Calsequestrin-1 Knockout Mice from Halothane- and Heat-Induced Sudden Death","volume":"123","author":"Michelucci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3095","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.171967","article-title":"Calsequestrin-1: A New Candidate Gene for Malignant Hyperthermia and Exertional\/Environmental Heat Stroke","volume":"587","author":"Protasi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.02.042","article-title":"RyR1 S-Nitrosylation Underlies Environmental Heat Stroke and Sudden Death in Y522S RyR1 Knockin Mice","volume":"133","author":"Durham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6936897","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6936897","article-title":"Estrogens Protect Calsequestrin-1 Knockout Mice from Lethal Hyperthermic Episodes by Reducing Oxidative Stress in Muscle","volume":"2017","author":"Michelucci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqx042","article-title":"The Effect of Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load on Inflammatory Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials","volume":"107","author":"Milajerdi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2008.03.010","article-title":"Increased Oxidative Stress Precedes the Onset of High-Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance and Obesity","volume":"57","author":"Takamura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s13395-015-0035-9","article-title":"Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Damage, and Cores in Muscle from Calsequestrin-1 Knockout Mice","volume":"5","author":"Paolini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Skelet. Muscle"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3649","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201601292R","article-title":"Strenuous Exercise Triggers a Life-Threatening Response in Mice Susceptible to Malignant Hyperthermia","volume":"31","author":"Michelucci","year":"2017","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"181","article-title":"Biomarkers of Oxidative\/Nitrosative Stress: An Approach to Disease Prevention","volume":"61","author":"Ogino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Med. Okayama"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6056","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)63505-7","article-title":"The Utility of Superoxide Dismutase in Studying Free Radical Reactions. I. Radicals Generated by the Interaction of Sulfite, Dimethyl Sulfoxide, and Oxygen","volume":"244","author":"McCord","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c100054","article-title":"Reactive Oxygen Species: Impact on Skeletal Muscle","volume":"1","author":"Powers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EMH Group (1984). A Protocol for the Investigation of Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) Susceptibility. Br. J. Anaesth., 56, 1267\u20131269.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/56.11.1267"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198910000-00015","article-title":"Standardization of the Caffeine Halothane Muscle Contracture Test. North American Malignant Hyperthermia Group","volume":"69","author":"Larach","year":"1989","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C606","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00297.2004","article-title":"Enhanced Response to Caffeine and 4-Chloro-m-Cresol in Malignant Hyperthermia-Susceptible Muscle Is Related in Part to Chronically Elevated Resting [Ca2+]i","volume":"288","author":"Lopez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199606000-00014","article-title":"Chlorocresol, an Additive to Commercial Succinylcholine, Induces Contracture of Human Malignant Hyperthermia-Susceptible Muscles via Activation of the Ryanodine Receptor Ca2+ Channel","volume":"84","author":"Tegazzin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1062823","article-title":"Climate Change. Uncertainty in the IPCC\u2019s Third Assessment Report","volume":"293","author":"Allen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-8-40","article-title":"High Ambient Temperature and Mortality: A Review of Epidemiologic Studies from 2001 to 2008","volume":"8","author":"Basu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2006.06.003","article-title":"General and Specific Mortality among the Elderly during the 2003 Heat Wave in Genoa (Italy)","volume":"103","author":"Conti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1080\/0265673021000058357","article-title":"Cardiovascular Responses to Heat Stress and Their Adverse Consequences in Healthy and Vulnerable Human Populations","volume":"19","author":"Donaldson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9074","article-title":"Extreme Temperatures and Mortality: Assessing Effect Modification by Personal Characteristics and Specific Cause of Death in a Multi-City Case-Only Analysis","volume":"114","author":"Zanobetti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.49.8.1088","article-title":"Deaths of Psychiatric Patients during Heat Waves","volume":"49","author":"Bark","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Serv."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-8-50","article-title":"Susceptibility to Heat Wave-Related Mortality: A Follow-up Study of a Cohort of Elderly in Rome","volume":"8","author":"Schifano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000208477.36665.34","article-title":"Vulnerability to Heat-Related Mortality: A Multicity, Population-Based, Case-Crossover Analysis","volume":"17","author":"Stafoggia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000147114.25957.71","article-title":"Who Is Sensitive to Extremes of Temperature? A Case-Only Analysis","volume":"16","author":"Schwartz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R459","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00137.2012","article-title":"Indirect Calorimetry in Laboratory Mice and Rats: Principles, Practical Considerations, Interpretation and Perspectives","volume":"303","author":"Even","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"E347","article-title":"Energy Expenditure in Humans: Effects of Dietary Fat and Carbohydrate","volume":"258","author":"Abbott","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/55.5.934","article-title":"Nutrient Balance and Energy Expenditure during Ad Libitum Feeding of High-Fat and High-Carbohydrate Diets in Humans","volume":"55","author":"Thomas","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51797.x","article-title":"Effect of Fat Intake on Energy Balance","volume":"819","author":"Tataranni","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.06.025","article-title":"Oxidation Enhances Myofibrillar Protein Degradation via Calpain and Caspase-3","volume":"49","author":"Smuder","year":"2010","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2003.09.012","article-title":"The Contribution of Reactive Oxygen Species to Sarcopenia and Muscle Ageing","volume":"39","author":"Fulle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10771","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.23.10771","article-title":"Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Decay in Aging","volume":"91","author":"Shigenaga","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M716","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/55.12.M716","article-title":"Sarcopenia: Current Concepts","volume":"55","author":"Roubenoff","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Ser. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/50A.Special_Issue.5","article-title":"What Is Sarcopenia?","volume":"50","author":"Evans","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35358","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6139","article-title":"Age-Dependent Uncoupling of Mitochondria from Ca2(+) Release Units in Skeletal Muscle","volume":"6","author":"Pietrangelo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142301.ns0923ds36","article-title":"Characterization of Energy Expenditure in Rodents by Indirect Calorimetry","volume":"36","author":"Alberts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/9\/5286\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:08:28Z","timestamp":1760137708000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/9\/5286"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms23095286"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23095286","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1392730\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]]}}}