{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:54:52Z","timestamp":1792097692187,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"the Basic Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the MSIP","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014R1A1A1004857"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014R1A1A1004857"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mitophagy is a selective form of autophagy that removes damaged mitochondria. Increasing evidence indicates that dysregulated mitophagy is implicated in numerous autoimmune diseases, but the role of mitophagy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not yet been reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the roles of mitophagy in patient-derived RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) and in the collagen antibody-induced arthritis mouse model. We measured the mitophagy marker PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) in RASFs treated with tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) using Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Arthritis was induced in PINK1\u2212\/\u2212 mice by intraperitoneal injection of an anti-type II collagen antibody cocktail and lipopolysaccharide. RA severity was assessed by histopathology. PINK1 expression and damaged mitochondria increased in TNF-\u03b1 treated RASFs via increased intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species. PINK1 knockdown RASFs decreased cellular migration and invasion functions. In addition, PINK1\u2212\/\u2212 mice with arthritis exhibited markedly reduced swelling and inflammation relative to wild-type mice with arthritis. Taken together, these findings suggest that regulation of PINK1 expression in RA could represent a potential therapeutic and diagnostic target for RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23105650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T11:59:37Z","timestamp":1652875177000},"page":"5650","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["TNF-\u03b1 Induces Mitophagy in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts, and Mitophagy Inhibition Alleviates Synovitis in Collagen Antibody-Induced Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ji-Hee","family":"Nam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13488, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8386-9275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun-Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharos Vaccine Inc., 14 Galmachiro, 288 Bun-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam 13201, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Ji","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13488, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So-Yeon","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharos Vaccine Inc., 14 Galmachiro, 288 Bun-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam 13201, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung-Eun","family":"Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13488, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nam-Chul","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharos Vaccine Inc., 14 Galmachiro, 288 Bun-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam 13201, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5769-3886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie-Young","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Cancer Sciences, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinjung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA Bundang Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam 13496, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9123-3816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han Geuk","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Products, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Youn","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA Bundang Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam 13496, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0637-4682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dae-Seog","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13488, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel065","article-title":"Synovial fibroblasts: Key players in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"45","author":"Huber","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.56.1.45","article-title":"Increased expression of integrins on fibroblast-like synoviocytes from rheumatoid arthritis in vitro correlates with enhanced binding to extracellular matrix proteins","volume":"56","author":"Rinaldi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. 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