{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:05:50Z","timestamp":1792425950328,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":319,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korean government","award":["NRF-2019M3E5D5065844"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019M3E5D5065844"]}]},{"name":"Korean government","award":["NRF-2020M3A9I2107093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020M3A9I2107093"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular diseases. Harnessing the power of immune cells is a promising strategy to improve the antitumor effect of cancer immunotherapy. Recent progress in recombinant DNA technology and antibody engineering has ushered in a new era of bispecific antibody (bsAb)-based immune-cell engagers (ICEs), including T- and natural-killer-cell engagers. Since the first approval of blinatumomab by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA), various bsAb-based ICEs have been developed for the effective treatment of patients with cancer. Simultaneously, several potential therapeutic targets of bsAb-based ICEs have been identified in various cancers. Therefore, this review focused on not only highlighting the action mechanism, design and structure, and status of bsAb-based ICEs in clinical development and their approval by the US FDA for human malignancy treatment, but also on summarizing the currently known and emerging therapeutic targets in cancer. This review provides insights into practical considerations for developing next-generation ICEs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23105686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T12:25:57Z","timestamp":1652963157000},"page":"5686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Bispecific Antibody-Based Immune-Cell Engagers and Their Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Cancer Immunotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ha Gyeong","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ha Rim","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aerin","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Division, GC Biopharma, Yongin 16924, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukmook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea"},{"name":"Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea"},{"name":"Antibody Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, February 21). 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