{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:17:34Z","timestamp":1792804654117,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Senior Basic Science Research Fellowship","award":["FS\/19\/30\/34173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/19\/30\/34173"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wdwnk04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening condition, which can result in respiratory insufficiency and death. Blood clots occluding branches of the pulmonary artery (PA) are traditionally considered to originate from thrombi in deep veins (usually in legs). However, growing evidence suggests that occlusion of the vessels in the lungs can develop without preceding deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In this work, we used an inferior vena cava (IVC) complete ligation model of DVT in Wistar rats to explore the possibility and mechanisms of PA thrombosis under the conditions where all routes of thrombotic mass migration from peripheral veins are blocked. We demonstrate that rats both with normal and reduced neutrophil counts developed thrombi in the IVC, although, neutropenia caused a substantial decrease in thrombus size and a shift from fresh fibrin toward mature fibrin and connective tissue inside the thrombus. Massive fibrin deposition was found in the PA branches in the majority of DVT rats with normal neutrophil counts, but in none of the neutropenic animals. Neutrophil ablation also abolished macroscopic signs of lung damage. Altogether, the results demonstrate that thrombi in the lung vasculature can form in situ by mechanisms that require local neutrophil recruitment taking place in the DVT setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23105829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T22:57:22Z","timestamp":1653346642000},"page":"5829","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Neutrophils Mediate Pulmonary Artery Thrombosis In Situ"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3537-7409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Porembskaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio-Vascular Department, Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, 191015 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vsevolod","family":"Zinserling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center, 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Tomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific and Research Center, Pavlov University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1629-7868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yana","family":"Toropova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center, 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9687-7434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Starikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vitaliy","family":"Maslei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center, 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nika","family":"Bulavinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center, 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6113-3948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Kirik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Syrtsova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis, 194362 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonid","family":"Laberko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Radiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim","family":"Galchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electrical Equipment, State Agrarian University, 196601 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vyacheslav","family":"Kravchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio-Vascular Department, Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, 191015 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergey","family":"Saiganov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio-Vascular Department, Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, 191015 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Brill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2014.09.027","article-title":"The origin of fatal pulmonary emboli: A postmortem analysis of 500 deaths from pulmonary embolism in trauma, surgical, and medical patients","volume":"209","author":"Tadlock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. 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