{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T21:23:36Z","timestamp":1783373016429,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["2765253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2765253"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["2017TK7Z8L"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017TK7Z8L"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR)","award":["2765253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2765253"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR)","award":["2017TK7Z8L"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017TK7Z8L"]}]},{"name":"Promising Young Researchers of the University of Milan","award":["2765253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2765253"]}]},{"name":"Promising Young Researchers of the University of Milan","award":["2017TK7Z8L"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017TK7Z8L"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Benzo(a)Pyrene (BaP) is one of the most widespread polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with endocrine disrupting properties and carcinogenic effects. In the present study, we tested the effect of BaP on thyroid development and function, using zebrafish as a model system. Zebrafish embryos were treated with 50 nM BaP from 2.5 to 72 h post fertilization (hpf) and compared to 1.2% DMSO controls. The expression profiles of markers of thyroid primordium specification, thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis, hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, TH transport and metabolism, and TH action were analyzed in pools of treated and control embryos at different developmental stages. BaP treatment did not affect early markers of thyroid differentiation but resulted in a significant decrease of markers of TH synthesis (tg and nis) likely secondary to defective expression of the central stimulatory hormones of thyroid axis (trh, tshba) and of TH metabolism (dio2). Consequently, immunofluorescence of BaP treated larvae showed a low number of follicles immunoreactive to T4. In conclusion, our results revealed that the short-term exposure to BaP significantly affects thyroid function in zebrafish, but the primary toxic effects would be exerted at the hypothalamic-pituitary level thus creating a model of central hypothyroidism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23105833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T22:57:22Z","timestamp":1653346642000},"page":"5833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Short-Term Exposure Effects of the Environmental Endocrine Disruptor Benzo(a)Pyrene on Thyroid Axis Function in Zebrafish"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0869-4564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuditta","family":"Rurale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20100 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2366-1912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camilla","family":"Carbonero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2068-9581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Persani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20100 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Marelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20100 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.05.011","article-title":"Thyroid gland development and function in the zebrafish model","volume":"312","author":"Porazzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. 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