{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:27:42Z","timestamp":1785403662220,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Soil Science and Microbiology","award":["30.610.006-110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30.610.006-110"]}]},{"name":"Minister of Education and Science under the program entitled \u201cRegional Initiative of Excellence\u201d for the years 2019\u20132022","award":["30.610.006-110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30.610.006-110"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The research objective was established by taking into account common sources of soil contamination with bisphenol A (B) and zinc (Zn2+), as well as the scarcity of data on the effect of metabolic pathways involved in the degradation of organic compounds on the complexation of zinc in soil. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of soil homeostasis disorders arising under the pressure of both the separate and combined toxicity of bisphenol A and Zn2+. With a broad pool of indicators, such as indices of the effect of xenobiotics (IFX), humic acid (IFH), plants (IFP), colony development (CD), ecophysiological diversity (EP), the Shannon\u2013Weaver and the Simpson indices, as well as the index of soil biological fertility (BA21), the extent of disturbances was verified on the basis of enzymatic activity, microbiological activity, and structural diversity of the soil microbiome. A holistic character of the study was achieved, having determined the indicators of tolerance (IT) of Sorghum Moench (S) and Panicum virgatum (P), the ratio of the mass of their aerial parts to roots (PR), and the SPAD leaf greenness index. Bisphenol A not only failed to perform a complexing role towards Zn2+, but in combination with this heavy metal, had a particularly negative effect on the soil microbiome and enzymatic activity. The NGS analysis distinguished certain unique genera of bacteria in all objects, representing the phyla Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria, as well as fungi classified as members of the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Sorghum Moench (S) proved to be more sensitive to the xenobiotics than Panicum virgatum (P).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23115937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]],"date-time":"2022-05-26T08:50:22Z","timestamp":1653555022000},"page":"5937","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Effect of Separate and Combined Toxicity of Bisphenol A and Zinc on the Soil Microbiome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0092-2729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Zaborowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac \u0141\u00f3dzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2156-3780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jadwiga","family":"Wyszkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac \u0141\u00f3dzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8512-7363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata","family":"Borowik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac \u0141\u00f3dzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6364-6357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Kucharski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac \u0141\u00f3dzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559325815598308","DOI":"10.1177\/1559325815598308","article-title":"Global assessment of bisphenol A in the environment: Review and analysis of its occurrence and bioaccumulation","volume":"13","author":"Corrales","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dose-Response"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2008.159228","article-title":"The politics of plastics: The making and unmaking of Bisphenol a \u201csafety\u201d","volume":"99","author":"Vogel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"(2022, April 08). Environment and Climate Change Canada Environmental Monitoring and Surveillance in Support of the Chemicals Management Plan. Available online: https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/environment-climate-change\/services\/evaluating-existing-substances\/environmental-monitoring-surveillance-support-chemicals-management-plan-bisphenol-a-canadian-environment.html."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Research and Markets (2022, April 08). ComGlobal Bisphenol A Market Report 2018: Analysis 2013\u20132017 & Forecasts 2018\u20132023 [WWW Document]. Available online: https:\/\/www.prnewswire.com\/news-releases\/global-bisphenol-a-market-report-2018-analysis-2013-2017--forecasts-2018-2023-300757673.html."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2014.11.013","article-title":"Airborne particulate endocrine disrupting compounds in China: Compositions, size distributions and seasonal variations of phthalate esters and bisphenol A","volume":"154","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2017.10.014","article-title":"An overview of chemical additives present in plastics: Migration, release, fate and environmental impact during their use, disposal and recycling","volume":"344","author":"Hahladakis","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.07.059","article-title":"A review of dietary and non-dietary exposure to bisphenol-A","volume":"50","author":"Geens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12232","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b02987","article-title":"Identification of putative genes involved in bisphenol a degradation using differential protein abundance analysis of Sphingobium sp. BiD32","volume":"49","author":"Zhou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"ECHA (2022, February 20). European Chemicals Agency. Available online: https:\/\/echa.europa.eu\/substanceinformation\/-\/substanceinfo\/100.001.133."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2017.01.002","article-title":"The mass flow and proposed management of bisphenol A in selected Norwegian waste streams","volume":"60","author":"Arp","year":"2017","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2015.03.002","article-title":"24-hour human urine and serum profiles of bisphenol A following ingestion in soup: Individual pharmacokinetic data and emographics","volume":"4","author":"Teeguarden","year":"2015","journal-title":"Data Brief"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1444","article-title":"Bisphenol A exposure in children with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"8","author":"Stein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autism Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30129-7","article-title":"Endocrine disrupting chemicals: Implications for human health","volume":"8","author":"Kahn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.02.175","article-title":"Distributions of concentrations of bisphenol A in North American and European surface waters and sediments determined from 19 years of monitoring data","volume":"201","author":"Staples","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.11.057","article-title":"Field dissipation of 4-nonylphenol, 4-t-octylphenol, triclosan and bisphenol A following land application of biosolids","volume":"86","author":"Langdon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2016.04.005","article-title":"Distribution and interactions of pentachlorophenol in soils: The roles of soil iron oxides and organic matter","volume":"191","author":"Diagboya","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Contam. Hydrol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s40201-020-00585-7","article-title":"Bioavailability, distribution and health risk assessment of arsenic and heavy metals (HMs) in agricultural soils of Kermanshah Province, west of Iran","volume":"19","author":"Mehr","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"(2022, April 08). Milieu Ltd., RPA, WRc, Environmental, Economic and Social Impacts of the Use of Sewage Sludge on Land\u2014Consultation Report on Options and Impacts. 2010. pp. 1\u201332. Available online: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/environment\/archives\/waste\/sludge\/pdf\/part_i_report.pdf."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.03.161","article-title":"Remediation techniques for heavy metalcontaminated soils: Principles and applicability","volume":"633","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12856","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c00183","article-title":"Chemical speciation, plant uptake, and toxicity of heavy metals in agricultural soils","volume":"68","author":"Uchimiya","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112888","article-title":"Current trends and future prospective in nanoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soils: A way forward towards sustainable agriculture","volume":"227","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2020.12.017","article-title":"Status and associated human health risk of zinc accumulation in agricultural soils across China","volume":"146","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.152024","article-title":"Zinc in soil-plant-human system: A data-analysis review","volume":"808","author":"Natasha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nriagu, J. (2019). Zinc Toxicity in Humans. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. Encyclopedia of Environmental Health, Academic Press. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-409548-9.11836-6"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6555","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b06329","article-title":"Bioavailability of antibiotics at soil\u2013water interfaces: A comparison of measured activities and equilibrium partitioning estimates","volume":"52","author":"Menz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.13578","article-title":"Cooccurrence of antibiotic, biocide, and heavy metal resistance genes in bacteria from metal and radionuclide contaminated soils at the Savannah River Site","volume":"13","author":"Thomas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21467","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-2507-z","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance genes in China: Occurrence, risk, and correlation among different parameters","volume":"25","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"437","article-title":"Changes in the microbiological and biochemical properties of soil contaminated with zinc","volume":"22","author":"Wyszkowska","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Elementol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(97)10133-3","article-title":"A review of the environmental fate, effects, and exposures of bisphenol A","volume":"36","author":"Staples","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1080\/1080-700291905846","article-title":"A multimedia assessment of the environmental fate of bisphenol A","volume":"8","author":"Cousins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. Int. J."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Rijkswaterstaat Institute (2022, April 08). Chemical study on Bisphenol A [WWW Document]. Available online: https:\/\/edepot.wur.nl\/174301."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.128490","article-title":"The contrasting role of minerals in biochars in bisphenol A and sulfamethoxazole sorption","volume":"264","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.224","article-title":"Phenol hydroxylase from Pseudomonas sp. KZNSA: Purification, characterization and prediction of three-dimensional structure","volume":"146","author":"Setlhare","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2018.02.001","article-title":"Transcriptional control of the phenol hydroxylase gene phe of Corynebacterium glutamicum by the AraC-type regulator PheR","volume":"209","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaborowska, M., Wyszkowska, J., Borowik, A., and Kucharski, J. (2021). Bisphenol A\u2014A dangerous pollutant distorting the biological properties of soil. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222312753"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.03.082","article-title":"Migration and health risks of nonylphenol and bisphenol A in soil-winter wheat systems with long-term reclaimed water irrigation","volume":"158","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-013-1942-0","article-title":"Involvement of abscisic acid in regulating antioxidative defense systems and IAA-oxidase activity and improving adventitious rooting in mung bean [Vigna radiata L. Wilczek] seedlings under cadmium stress","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.02.020","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species initiate a protective response in plant roots to stress induced by environmental bisphenol A","volume":"154","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2010.03.005","article-title":"Soil Microbial Communities and Activities Under Intensive Organic and Conventional Vegetable Farming In West Java, Indonesia","volume":"45","author":"Moeskops","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433437","DOI":"10.1016\/0038-0717(82)90101-8","article-title":"Effect of pH On Enzyme Stability in Soils","volume":"14","author":"Frankenberger","year":"1982","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2019.103466","article-title":"Variation in soil microbial population and enzyme activities under faba bean as affected by pentachlorophenol","volume":"150","author":"Siczek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaborowska, M., Wyszkowska, J., Borowik, A., and Kucharski, J. (2020). Soil Microbiome Response to Contamination with Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F and Bisphenol S. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103529"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borisov, V.B., and Verkhovsky, M.I. (2015). Oxygen as acceptor. EcoSal Plus, 6.","DOI":"10.1128\/ecosalplus.esp-0012-2015"},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"212","article-title":"Impact of hydroquinone used as a redox effector model on potential denitrification, microbial activity and redox condition of a cultivable soil","volume":"47","author":"Perotti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Argent. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5455","DOI":"10.1039\/C6DT00652C","article-title":"Inactivation of urease by 1,4-benzoquinone: Chemistry at the protein surface","volume":"45","author":"Mazzei","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140245","article-title":"The responses of soil enzyme activities, microbial biomass and microbial community structure to nine years of varied zinc application rates","volume":"737","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"637","article-title":"Sensitivity of soil enzymes to excessive zinc concentrations","volume":"19","author":"Borowik","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Elementol."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"577","article-title":"Changes in the enzymatic activity in sandy loam soil exposed to zinc pressure","volume":"16","author":"Kucharski","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Elementol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1080\/10934529.2015.1128726","article-title":"Implication of zinc excess on soil health","volume":"51","author":"Wyszkowska","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health B"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-020-04814-5","article-title":"Bioaugmentation of Soil Contaminated with Zinc","volume":"231","author":"Strachel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12071","article-title":"Crystal structures of murine angiogenins-2 and-3-probing \u2018\u2018structure\u2013function\u2019\u2019 relationships amongst angiogenin","volume":"280","author":"Iyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)37287-3","article-title":"Novel pathway for bacterial metabolism of bisphenol A. Rearrangements and stilbene cleavage in bisphenol A metabolism","volume":"269","author":"Spivack","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2013.08.017","article-title":"Science Direct Emerging chemicals and the evolution of biodegradation capacities and pathways in bacteria","volume":"27","author":"Kolvenbach","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11634","DOI":"10.1021\/es402123v","article-title":"Lead binding to soil fulvic and humic acids: Nica-donnan modeling and xafs spectroscopy","volume":"47","author":"Xiong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2005.12.003","article-title":"Cadmium, lead, and copper binding to humic acid and fulvic acid extracted from an ombrotrophic peat bog","volume":"135","author":"Gondar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orggeochem.2006.07.027","article-title":"Stability, solubility and maximum metal binding capacity in metal\u2013humic complexesinvolving humic substances extracted from peat and organic compost","volume":"37","year":"2006","journal-title":"Org. Geochem."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/161436b0","article-title":"Order of stability of metal complexes","volume":"161","author":"Irving","year":"1948","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3860","DOI":"10.1021\/es900235f","article-title":"Oxidative removal of bisphenol A by manganese dioxide: Efficacy, products, and pathways","volume":"43","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2020.107797","article-title":"Prevalent root-derived phenolics drive shifts in microbial community composition and prime decomposition in forest soil","volume":"145","author":"Zwetsloot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2010.03.007","article-title":"The degradation of bisphenol A by the newly isolated bacterium Cupriavidus basilensis JF1 can be enhanced by biostimulation with phenol","volume":"64","author":"Fischer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"16","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of the marine Actinomycetes","volume":"2","author":"Gulve","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Multidiscip. Res. J."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s10532-012-9570-9","article-title":"Occurrence of 4-tert-butylphenol (4-t-BP) biodegradation in an aquatic sample caused by the presence of Spirodela polyrrhiza and isolation of a 4-t-BP-utilizing bacterium","volume":"24","author":"Ogata","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biodegradation"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.1998.tb00380.x","article-title":"Anaerobic metabolism of aromatic compounds via the benzoyl-CoA pathway","volume":"22","author":"Harwood","year":"1999","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00252207","article-title":"Anaerobic degradation of cresols by denitrifying bacteria","volume":"155","author":"Rudolphi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2016.01.019","article-title":"A novel mechanism of conjugate formation of bisphenol A and its analogues by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: Detoxification and reduction of estrogenicity of bisphenols","volume":"109","author":"Henning","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-1393(97)00015-2","article-title":"Growth patterns of bacterial communities in the rhizoplane and rhizosphere of with clover (Trifolium repens L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) in long\u2014term pasture","volume":"6","author":"Sarathchandra","year":"1997","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2009.01.034","article-title":"Biodegradation of endocrine-disrupting compounds and suppression of estrogenic activity by ligninolytic fungi","volume":"75","author":"Cajthaml","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2017.08.008","article-title":"Towards semisynthetic natural compounds with a biaryl axis: Oxidative phenol coupling in Aspergillus niger","volume":"26","author":"Hugentobler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112863","article-title":"Bacterial adaptive strategies to cope with metal toxicity in the contaminated environment\u2014A review","volume":"226","author":"Mathivanan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejsobi.2020.103166","article-title":"Investigating some mechanisms underlying stress metal adaptations of two Burkholderia sensu lato species isolated from New Caledonian ultramafic soils","volume":"97","author":"Bourles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Soil Biol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fashola, M.O., Ngole-Jeme, V.M., and Babalola, O.O. (2016). Heavy metal pollution from gold mines: Environmental effects and bacterial strategies for resistance. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13111047"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20679","article-title":"Intracellular and extracellular factors influencing Cr(VI) and Cr(III) genotoxicity","volume":"53","author":"Sobol","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Mol. Mutagenesis"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2017.04.012","article-title":"Toxic effects of binary toxicants of cresol frother and Cu (II) on soil microorganisms","volume":"128","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2004.02.001","article-title":"Quantitative structure toxicity relationship for catechols in isolated rat hepatocytes","volume":"147","author":"Moridani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/anae.1997.0073","article-title":"Microbial Anaerobic Aromatic Metabolism","volume":"3","author":"Heider","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2016.08.007","article-title":"Cellulosimicrobium funkei-like enhances the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris by modulating oxidative damage under Chromium(VI) toxicity","volume":"7","author":"Karthik","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aap9516","article-title":"A global atlas of the dominant bacteria found in soil","volume":"359","author":"Oliverio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejbt.2019.07.003","article-title":"Bacterial community structure in soils contaminated with electronic waste pollutants from Delhi NCR, India","volume":"41","author":"Salam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Electron. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2016.02.013","article-title":"Soil bacterial community dynamics reflect changes in plant community and soil properties during the secondary succession of abandoned farmland in the Loess Plateau","volume":"97","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.05.109","article-title":"Long-term and high-concentration heavy-metal contamination strongly influences the microbiome and functional genes in Yellow River sediments","volume":"637","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5681","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-013-4949-z","article-title":"Bacteria-mediated bisphenol A degradation","volume":"97","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2011.06.043","article-title":"Crystal Structure of Serratia fonticola Sfh-I: Activation of the Nucleophile in Mono-Zinc Metallo-\u03b2-Lactamases","volume":"411","author":"Fonseca","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.01.009","article-title":"Hydrocarbon biodegradation and transcriptome responses of cellulase, peroxidase, and laccase encoding genes inhabiting rhizospheric fungal isolates","volume":"28","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sychta, K., S\u0142omka, A., and Kuta, E. (2021). Insights into plant programmed cell death induced by heavy metals\u2014Discovering a terra incognita. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10010065"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2021.12.008","article-title":"Zinc in plants: Integrating homeostasis and biofortification","volume":"15","author":"Stanton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.4909","article-title":"Phytohormonal roles in plant responses to heavy metal stress: Implications for using macrophytes in phytoremediation of aquatic ecosystems","volume":"40","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.68.1398","article-title":"Absorption and metabolism of bisphenol A, a possible endocrine disruptor, in the aquatic edible plant, water convolvulus (Ipomoea aquatica)","volume":"68","author":"Noureddin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.5511\/plantbiotechnology.23.291","article-title":"Regioselective hydroxylation, reduction, and glycosylation of diphenyl compounds by cultured plant cells of Eucalyptus perriniana","volume":"23","author":"Kondo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.06.146","article-title":"Effects of bisphenol A in soil on growth, photosynthesis activity. and genistein levels in crop plants (Vigna radiata)","volume":"209","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4253","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22486-4","article-title":"Mechanisms by which bisphenol A affect the photosynthetic apparatus in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) leaves","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2020.12.006","article-title":"Recent advances in exploring the heavy metal(loid) resistant microbiome","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2007.01996.x","article-title":"Zinc in plants","volume":"173","author":"Broadley","year":"2007","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1080\/17429145.2016.1220026","article-title":"Auxin signaling is closely associated with Zn efficiency in rice (Oryza sativa L.)","volume":"11","author":"Begum","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Plant Interact."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marschner, H. (1995). Diagnosis of deficiency and toxicity of mineral nutrients. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, Academic Press. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012473542-2\/50014-6"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.16.01916","article-title":"Heavy metals induce iron deficiency responses at different hierarchic and regulatory levels","volume":"174","author":"Leskova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.114.241224","article-title":"Root-secreted nicotianamine from Arabidopsis halleri facilitates zinc hypertolerance by regulating zinc bioavailability","volume":"166","author":"Tsednee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s11157-016-9390-1","article-title":"Mechanism of zinc absorption in plants: Uptake, transport, translocation and accumulation","volume":"15","author":"Gupta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mct135","article-title":"The barley MATE gene, HvAACT1, increases citrate efflux and Al(3+) tolerance when expressed in wheat and barley","volume":"112","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Bot."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2021.12.013","article-title":"Dry heat and pressure favor bioactive compounds preservation and peptides formation in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]","volume":"5","author":"Nogueira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcs.2018.10.010","article-title":"A review of cereal grain proteomics and its potential for sorghum improvement","volume":"84","author":"Labuschagne","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cereal Sci."},{"key":"ref_101","first-page":"1357","article-title":"Potential of anaerobic codigestion of vinegar residue with different ratios of pig and chicken manure","volume":"38","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Agro-Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2021.04.009","article-title":"Panicum virgatum (Poaceae)","volume":"37","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"ref_103","unstructured":"(1998). Soil and Mineral Materials\u2014Sampling and Determination of Particle Size Distribution (Standard No. PN-R-04032)."},{"key":"ref_104","unstructured":"(2005). Soil Quality\u2014Determination of pH (Standard No. ISO 10390)."},{"key":"ref_105","unstructured":"Klute, A. (1996). Methods of soil analysis. Agronomy Monograph, American Society of Agronomy."},{"key":"ref_106","unstructured":"Sparks, D.L. (1996). Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. Method of Soil Analysis: Chemical Methods, American Society of Agronomy."},{"key":"ref_107","unstructured":"(1995). Soil Quality\u2014Determination of Total Nitrogen\u2014Modified Kjeldahl Method (Standard No. ISO 11261)."},{"key":"ref_108","first-page":"199","article-title":"Untersuchun-gen \u00fcber die chemische Bodenanalyse als Grundlage f\u00fcr die Beurteilung des N\u00e4hrstoffzustandes der B\u00f6den. II. Chemische Extractionsmethoden zur Phospor-und Kaliumbestimmung","volume":"26","author":"Egner","year":"1960","journal-title":"K. Lantbr. Ann."},{"key":"ref_109","unstructured":"Schlichting, E., Blume, H.P., and Stahr, K. (1995). Bodenkundliches Praktikum. Pareys Studientexte 81, Blackwell Wissenschafts."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schinner, F., Ohlinger, R., Kandler, E., and Margesin, R. (1996). Dehydrogenase activity with the substrate TTC. Methods in Soil Biology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-60966-4"},{"key":"ref_111","unstructured":"Alef, K., and Nannipieri, P. (1998). Methods in Applied Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry, Academic."},{"key":"ref_112","first-page":"733","article-title":"Applicability of biochemical indices to quality assessment of soil polluted with heavy metals","volume":"18","author":"Wyszkowska","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Elementol."},{"key":"ref_113","first-page":"46","article-title":"Morphologie, physiologie et ecologie des Arthrobacter","volume":"105","author":"Mulder","year":"1963","journal-title":"Ann. L\u2019Inst. Pasteur"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2020.12.071","article-title":"Isolation and studies on zinc removal using microorganism from contaminated soil","volume":"44","author":"Jayan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2389.1955.tb00836.x","article-title":"Microbiological studies of some subantarctic soil","volume":"6","author":"Bunt","year":"1955","journal-title":"J. Soil Sci."},{"key":"ref_116","unstructured":"Parkinson, D., Gray, F.R.G., and Williams, S.T. (1971). Methods for Studying the Ecology of Soil Microorganism, Blackwell Scientific Publication. IBP Handbook 19."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-195003000-00006","article-title":"Use of acid rose bengal and streptomycin in the plate method for estimating soil fungi","volume":"69","author":"Martin","year":"1950","journal-title":"Soil Sci."},{"key":"ref_118","first-page":"81","article-title":"The use for colony development for the characterization of bacterial communities in soil and on roots","volume":"27","author":"Whipps","year":"1993","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24346","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-0076-1","article-title":"Resistance of aerobic microorganisms and soil enzyme response to soil con-tamination with Ekodiesel Ultra fuel","volume":"24","author":"Borowik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8323","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-2844-5","article-title":"Effect of tetraconazole application on the soil microbial community","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_121","unstructured":"Statsoft Inc (2022, April 10). Data Analysis Software System. Version 12.0. Available online: http:\/\/www.statsoft.com."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3123","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu494","article-title":"STAMP: Statistical analysis of taxonomic and functional profiles","volume":"30","author":"Parks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref_123","unstructured":"RStudio Team (2019). RStudio: Integrated Development for R, RStudio, Inc.. Available online: http:\/\/www.rstudio.com\/."},{"key":"ref_124","unstructured":"R Core Team (2019). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available online: https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"key":"ref_125","unstructured":"Warnes, G.R., Bolker, B., Bonebakker, L., Gentleman, R., Huber, W., Liaw, A., Lumley, T., Maechler, M., Magnusson, M., and Moeller, S. (2022, April 10). Gplots: Various R Programming Tools for Plotting Data. R Package Version 2.17.0. Available online: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=gplots."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heberle, H., Meirelles, G.V., da Silva, F.R., Telles, G.P., and Minghim, R. (2015). InteractiVenn: A web-based tool for the analysis of sets through Venn diagrams. BMC Bioinform., 16.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-015-0611-3"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/11\/5937\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:18:41Z","timestamp":1760138321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/11\/5937"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"references-count":126,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms23115937"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23115937","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]}}}