{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:25:13Z","timestamp":1791919513678,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":151,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]],"date-time":"2022-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most lethal skin cancer. Despite a 4% reduction in mortality over the past few years, an increasing number of new diagnosed cases appear each year. Long-term therapy and the development of resistance to the drugs used drive the search for more and more new agents with anti-melanoma activity. This review focuses on the most recent synthesized anti-melanoma agents from 2020\u20132022. For selected agents, apart from the analysis of biological activity, the structure\u2013activity relationship (SAR) is also discussed. To the best of our knowledge, the following literature review delivers the latest achievements in the field of new anti-melanoma agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23116084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]],"date-time":"2022-05-29T08:50:51Z","timestamp":1653814251000},"page":"6084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["New Potential Agents for Malignant Melanoma Treatment\u2014Most Recent Studies 2020\u20132022"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8071-8503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Kozyra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Radiopharmacy Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3015-1120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danuta","family":"Krasowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Pediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8792-1029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Pitucha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Radiopharmacy Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ernst, M., and Giubellino, A. (2022). The Current State of Treatment and Future Directions in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10040822"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ward, W.H., and Farma, J.M. (2017). Epidemiology of Melanoma. Cutaneous Melanoma: Etiology and Therapy, Codon Publications.","DOI":"10.15586\/codon.cutaneousmelanoma.2017"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Melanoma Skin Cancer Statistics (2022, April 22). Available online: https:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/melanoma-skin-cancer\/about\/key-statistics.html."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Heistein, J.B., and Acharya, U. (2022). Malignant Melanoma. StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"129","article-title":"Molecular Background of Skin Melanoma Development and Progression: Therapeutic Implications","volume":"36","author":"Olbryt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Postepy Derm. Alergol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2016.01.025","article-title":"Roads to Melanoma: Key Pathways and Emerging Players in Melanoma Progression and Oncogenic Signaling","volume":"1863","author":"Paluncic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim. Et Biophys. Acta BBA-Mol. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2014.00064","article-title":"Targeting PI3K\/Akt\/MTOR Signaling in Cancer","volume":"4","author":"Porta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"e354191","article-title":"RAS\/RAF\/MEK\/ERK and PI3K\/PTEN\/AKT Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Progression and Therapy","volume":"2012","author":"Yajima","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dermatol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tran, K.B., Kolekar, S., Jabed, A., Jaynes, P., Shih, J.-H., Wang, Q., Flanagan, J.U., Rewcastle, G.W., Baguley, B.C., and Shepherd, P.R. (2021). Diverse Mechanisms Activate the PI 3-Kinase\/MTOR Pathway in Melanomas: Implications for the Use of PI 3-Kinase Inhibitors to Overcome Resistance to Inhibitors of BRAF and MEK. BMC Cancer, 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-07826-4"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2014.06.040","article-title":"Big Potassium (BK) Ion Channels in Biology, Disease and Possible Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"22","author":"Ge","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.4067\/S0716-97602006000300003","article-title":"Large Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+ (BK) Channel: Activation by Ca2+ and Voltage","volume":"39","author":"Latorre","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2014.3617","article-title":"BKCa Channel Inhibitor Modulates the Tumorigenic Ability of Hormone-Independent Breast Cancer Cells via the Wnt Pathway","volume":"33","author":"Schickling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/09687688.2020.1729428","article-title":"Potassium Channels and Their Role in Glioma: A Mini Review","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Membr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01661","article-title":"Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential","volume":"9","author":"Stacey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sizemore, G., McLaughlin, S., Newman, M., Brundage, K., Ammer, A., Martin, K., Pugacheva, E., Coad, J., Mattes, M.D., and Yu, H.-G. (2020). Opening Large-Conductance Potassium Channels Selectively Induced Cell Death of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. BMC Cancer, 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07071-1"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, Y.-G., Liu, W.-C., Dong, S., Du, C., Wang, X.-J., Li, J.-S., Xie, X.-P., Wu, L., Ma, D.-C., and Yu, Z.-B. (2012). Activation of BKCa Channels in Zoledronic Acid-Induced Apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037451"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khaitan, D., Sankpal, U.T., Weksler, B., Meister, E.A., Romero, I.A., Couraud, P.-O., and Ningaraj, N.S. (2009). Role of KCNMA1gene in Breast Cancer Invasion and Metastasis to Brain. BMC Cancer, 9.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-9-258"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.595664","article-title":"Deeper and Deeper on the Role of BK and Kir4.1 Channels in Glioblastoma Invasiveness: A Novel Summative Mechanism?","volume":"14","author":"Brandalise","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goda, A.A., Siddique, A.B., Mohyeldin, M., Ayoub, N.M., and El Sayed, K.A. (2018). The Maxi-K (BK) Channel Antagonist Penitrem A as a Novel Breast Cancer-Targeted Therapeutic. Mar. Drugs, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/md16050157"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2020.02.176","article-title":"Involvement of the \u03931 Subunit of the Large-Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+ Channel in the Proliferation of Human Somatostatinoma Cells","volume":"525","author":"Noda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2018.02.055","article-title":"The Role of BKCa in Endometrial Cancer HEC-1-B Cell Proliferation and Migration","volume":"655","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2014.12.008","article-title":"Involvement of Potassium Channels in the Progression of Cancer to a More Malignant Phenotype","volume":"1848","author":"Comes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim. Et Biophys. Acta BBA-Biomembr."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u2019Arcangelo, D., Scatozza, F., Giampietri, C., Marchetti, P., Facchiano, F., and Facchiano, A. (2019). Ion Channel Expression in Human Melanoma Samples: In Silico Identification and Experimental Validation of Molecular Targets. Cancers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11040446"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00315","article-title":"Immuno-Oncology: Emerging Targets and Combination Therapies","volume":"8","author":"Marshall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Remigante, A., Zuccolini, P., Barbieri, R., Ferrera, L., Morabito, R., Gavazzo, P., Pusch, M., and Picco, C. (2021). NS-11021 Modulates Cancer-Associated Processes Independently of BK Channels in Melanoma and Pancreatic Duct Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines. Cancers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13236144"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma, P., LaRosa, C., Antwi, J., Govindarajan, R., and Werbovetz, K.A. (2021). Imidazoles as Potential Anticancer Agents: An Update on Recent Studies. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26144213"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2020.104508","article-title":"Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Imidazole Derivatives Possessing Terminal Sulphonamides as Potential BRAFV600Einhibitors","volume":"106","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11155.x","article-title":"Cutaneous Manifestations of Dabrafenib (GSK2118436): A Selective Inhibitor of Mutant BRAF in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma","volume":"167","author":"Anforth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-10-85","article-title":"The Role of BRAF V600 Mutation in Melanoma","volume":"10","author":"Ascierto","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2021.132218","article-title":"Design and Synthesis of New Triarylimidazole Derivatives as Dual Inhibitors of BRAFV600E\/P38\u03b1 with Potential Antiproliferative Activity","volume":"1253","author":"Youssif","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-2126(98)00113-0","article-title":"Structural Basis of Inhibitor Selectivity in MAP Kinases","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2005.09.072","article-title":"The Identification of Potent and Selective Imidazole-Based Inhibitors of B-Raf Kinase","volume":"16","author":"Takle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113277","article-title":"Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Docking Studies of Novel (Imidazol-5-Yl)Pyrimidine-Based Derivatives as Dual BRAFV600E\/P38\u03b1 Inhibitors","volume":"215","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3110","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deq287","article-title":"SB203580, a P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitor, Suppresses the Development of Endometriosis by down-Regulating Proinflammatory Cytokines and Proteolytic Factors in a Mouse Model","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2022.106115","article-title":"Structural Optimization of 4-(Imidazol-5-Yl)Pyridine Derivatives Affords Broad-Spectrum Anticancer Agents with Selective B-RAFV600E\/P38\u03b1 Kinase Inhibitory Activity: Synthesis, in Vitro Assays and in Silico Study","volume":"171","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/jhet.4355","article-title":"Benzimidazole Based Derivatives as Anticancer Agents: Structure Activity Relationship Analysis for Various Targets","volume":"59","author":"Satija","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Heterocycl. Chem."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113953","article-title":"Discovery of 1-(5-(1H-Benzo[d]Imidazole-2-Yl)-2,4-Dimethyl-1H-Pyrrol-3-Yl)Ethan-1-One Derivatives as Novel and Potent Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) Inhibitors with Anticancer Efficacy","volume":"227","author":"Kong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdel-Maksoud, M.S., Mohamed, A.A.B., Hassan, R.M., Abdelgawad, M.A., Chilingaryan, G., Selim, S., Abdel-Bakky, M.S., and Al-Sanea, M.M. (2021). Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Profile of New 4-(1H-Benzo[d]Imidazol-1-Yl)Pyrimidin-2-Amine-Linked Sulfonamide Derivatives with V600EBRAF Inhibitory Effect. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910491"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onnis, V., Demurtas, M., Deplano, A., Balboni, G., Baldisserotto, A., Manfredini, S., Pacifico, S., Liekens, S., and Balzarini, J. (2016). Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Antiproliferative Activity of New Benzimidazolehydrazones. Molecules, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21050579"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baldisserotto, A., Demurtas, M., Lampronti, I., Tacchini, M., Moi, D., Balboni, G., Vertuani, S., Manfredini, S., and Onnis, V. (2020). In-Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Photo-Protective Activities of Benzimidazolehydrazone Derivatives. Pharmaceuticals, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13040068"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.30799\/jacs.244.22080101","article-title":"Biological Applications of Imidazothiazole Scaffolds: A Current Review","volume":"8","author":"Praveen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Adv. Chem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2020.103967","article-title":"Structural Optimization of Imidazothiazole Derivatives Affords a New Promising Series as B-Raf V600E Inhibitors; Synthesis, in Vitro Assay and in Silico Screening","volume":"100","author":"Ammar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2019.03.062","article-title":"Anticancer Profile of Newly Synthesized BRAF Inhibitors Possess 5-(Pyrimidin-4-Yl)Imidazo[2,1-b]Thiazole Scaffold","volume":"27","author":"Ammar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2020.127478","article-title":"Modification of Imidazothiazole Derivatives Gives Promising Activity in B-Raf Kinase Enzyme Inhibition; Synthesis, in Vitro Studies and Molecular Docking","volume":"30","author":"Ammar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Creusot, N., Gassiot, M., Alaterre, E., Chiavarina, B., Grimaldi, M., Boulahtouf, A., Toporova, L., Gerbal-Chaloin, S., Daujat-Chavanieu, M., and Matheux, A. (2020). The Anti-Cancer Drug Dabrafenib Is a Potent Activator of the Human Pregnane X Receptor. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9071641"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6877","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.1c00230","article-title":"Discovery of New Imidazo[2,1-b]Thiazole Derivatives as Potent Pan-RAF Inhibitors with Promising In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Melanoma Activity","volume":"64","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2014.07.044","article-title":"A Review on Anticancer Potential of Bioactive Heterocycle Quinoline","volume":"97","author":"Afzal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2013.03.008","article-title":"Synthesis and in Vitro Antiproliferative Effect of Novel Quinoline-Based Potential Anticancer Agents","volume":"63","author":"Arafa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2005.12.017","article-title":"Synthesis and Antiproliferative Evaluation of Certain 4-Anilino-8-Methoxy-2-Phenylquinoline and 4-Anilino-8-Hydroxy-2-Phenylquinoline Derivatives","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2019.1605364","article-title":"Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Evaluation of Novel Quinoline Derivatives of Ursolic Acid with Hydrazide, Oxadiazole, and Thiadiazole Moieties as Potent MEK Inhibitors","volume":"34","author":"Jin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Enzym. Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112756","article-title":"2-Anilinoquinoline Based Arylamides as Broad Spectrum Anticancer Agents with B-RAFV600E\/C-RAF Kinase Inhibitory Effects: Design, Synthesis, in Vitro Cell-Based and Oncogenic Kinase Assessments","volume":"208","author":"Haque","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113261","article-title":"Discovery of 4-Alkoxy-2-Aryl-6,7-Dimethoxyquinolines as a New Class of Topoisomerase I Inhibitors Endowed with Potent in Vitro Anticancer Activity","volume":"215","author":"Elbadawi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113719","article-title":"Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Selective Survivin Inhibitors Derived from the MX-106 Hydroxyquinoline Scaffold","volume":"224","author":"Albadari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdc.2020.100423","article-title":"Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Chalcone Tethered Quinoline Derivatives as Anticancer Agents","volume":"28","author":"Manikala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Data Collect."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113781","article-title":"Pyrazolopyrimidines as Anticancer Agents: A Review on Structural and Target-Based Approaches","volume":"225","author":"Asati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112519","article-title":"Design, Synthesis, and Bioevaluation of Pyrazolo[1,5-a]Pyrimidine Derivatives as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors Targeting the Colchicine Binding Site with Potent Anticancer Activities","volume":"202","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1021\/jm801449a","article-title":"Discovery of 4-Substituted Methoxybenzoyl-Aryl-Thiazole as Novel Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Structure-Activity Relationships","volume":"52","author":"Lu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7414","DOI":"10.1021\/jm100884b","article-title":"Discovery of Novel 2-Aryl-4-Benzoyl-Imidazoles Targeting the Colchicines Binding Site in Tubulin as Potential Anticancer Agents","volume":"53","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7285","DOI":"10.1021\/jm300564b","article-title":"Discovery of Novel 2-Aryl-4-Benzoyl-Imidazole (ABI-III) Analogues Targeting Tubulin Polymerization As Antiproliferative Agents","volume":"55","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"483","article-title":"Ibrutinib (Imbruvica): A Novel Targeted Therapy for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","volume":"39","author":"Parmar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharm. Ther."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"E966","article-title":"Therapeutic Antitumor Immunity by Checkpoint Blockade Is Enhanced by Ibrutinib, an Inhibitor of Both BTK and ITK","volume":"112","author":"Kohrt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2017.06.001","article-title":"Bruton\u2019s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) as a Promising Target in Solid Tumors","volume":"58","author":"Gajate","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rev."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campbell, R., Chong, G., and Hawkes, E.A. (2018). Novel Indications for Bruton\u2019s Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, beyond Hematological Malignancies. J. Clin. Med., 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm7040062"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szklener, K., Michalski, A., \u017bak, K., Piwo\u0144ski, M., and Ma\u0144dziuk, S. (2022). Ibrutinib in the Treatment of Solid Tumors: Current State of Knowledge and Future Directions. Cells, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11081338"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113329","article-title":"Emerging Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Bruton\u2019s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK): Current Development","volume":"217","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-021-01049-7","article-title":"Targeting Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Using Non-Covalent Inhibitors in B Cell Malignancies","volume":"14","author":"Gu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"2040620721989588","article-title":"The Evolving Role of Bruton\u2019s Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","volume":"12","author":"Gordon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7923","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.9b00687","article-title":"Discovery of Zanubrutinib (BGB-3111), a Novel, Potent, and Selective Covalent Inhibitor of Bruton\u2019s Tyrosine Kinase","volume":"62","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2021.128197","article-title":"Synthesis and Antiproliferative Screening of Novel Doubly Modified Colchicines Containing Urea, Thiourea and Guanidine Moieties","volume":"47","author":"Krzywik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.103323","article-title":"Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some New 1,3,4-Thiadiazine-Thiourea Derivatives as Potential Antitumor Agents against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells","volume":"93","author":"Ragab","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2020.1837124","article-title":"Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of Novel Pyrrolizines Bearing Urea\/Thiourea Moieties with Potential Cytotoxicity and CDK Inhibitory Activities","volume":"36","author":"Shawky","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Enzym. Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2019.1702653","article-title":"Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Substituted Thiourea Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents for NSCLC by Blocking K-Ras Protein-Effectors Interactions","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Enzym. Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112363","article-title":"Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Thiourea Derivatives Bearing a Benzodioxole Moiety with EGFR Inhibitory Activity, Apoptosis Assay and Molecular Docking Study","volume":"198","author":"Abbas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.105419","article-title":"Discovery of Novel Ibrutinib Analogues to Treat Malignant Melanoma","volume":"117","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhiman, A., Sharma, R., and Singh, R.K. (2022). Target-Based Anticancer Indole Derivatives and Insight into Structure-Activity Relationship: A Mechanistic Review Update (2018\u20132021). Acta Pharm. Sin. B, in press.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.03.021"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.111962","article-title":"Design, Synthesis Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Multi-Isoform ALDH Inhibitors as Potential Anticancer Agents","volume":"187","author":"Dinavahi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2018.09.005","article-title":"ALDH1 Bio-Activates Nifuroxazide to Eradicate ALDHHigh Melanoma-Initiating Cells","volume":"25","author":"Sarvi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flahaut, M., Jauquier, N., Chevalier, N., Nardou, K., Balmas Bourloud, K., Joseph, J.-M., Barras, D., Widmann, C., Gross, N., and Renella, R. (2016). Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity Plays a Key Role in the Aggressive Phenotype of Neuroblastoma. BMC Cancer, 16.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-016-2820-1"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Durinikova, E., Kozovska, Z., Poturnajova, M., Plava, J., Cierna, Z., Babelova, A., Bohovic, R., Schmidtova, S., Tomas, M., and Kucerova, L. (2018). ALDH1A3 Upregulation and Spontaneous Metastasis Formation Is Associated with Acquired Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells. BMC Cancer, 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-4758-y"},{"key":"ref_80","first-page":"26","article-title":"How to Conjugate the Stemness Marker ALDH1A1 with Tumor Angiogenesis, Progression, and Drug Resistance","volume":"3","author":"Ciccone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.06.131","article-title":"Application of Sesquiterpene Lactone: A New Promising Way for Cancer Therapy Based on Anticancer Activity","volume":"106","author":"Babaei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105165","article-title":"Sesquiterpenes and Their Derivatives-Natural Anticancer Compounds: An Update","volume":"161","author":"Rauf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113675","article-title":"Antitumor Properties of Novel Sesquiterpene Lactone Analogs as NF\u03baB Inhibitors That Bind to the IKK\u03b2 Ubiquitin-like Domain (ULD)","volume":"224","author":"Penthala","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2019.1640692","article-title":"Carbazole Scaffolds in Cancer Therapy: A Review from 2012 to 2018","volume":"34","author":"Issa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Enzym. Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, K., Tran, C., Alami, M., Hamze, A., and Provot, O. (2021). Synthesis and Biological Activities of Pyrazino[1,2-a]Indole and Pyrazino[1,2-a]Indol-1-One Derivatives. Pharmaceuticals, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14080779"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2020.115404","article-title":"Drug Repurposing and Rediscovery: Design, Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Evaluation of 1-Arylamino-3-Aryloxypropan-2-Ols as Anti-Melanoma Agents","volume":"28","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e172908","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.2908","article-title":"Propranolol for Off-Label Treatment of Patients With Melanoma: Results From a Cohort Study","volume":"4","author":"Grazzini","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.07.141","article-title":"\u03b2-Blocker Use and All-Cause Mortality of Melanoma Patients: Results from a Population-Based Dutch Cohort Study","volume":"49","author":"Livingstone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_89","first-page":"779","article-title":"Treatment with \u03b2-Blockers and Reduced Disease Progression in Patients with Thick Melanoma","volume":"171","author":"Grazzini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0000000000000317","article-title":"\u03b2-Blocker Use and Reduced Disease Progression in Patients with Thick Melanoma: 8 Years of Follow-Up","volume":"27","author":"Grazzini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Melanoma Res."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7265","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.2594","article-title":"Beta-blockers Exert Potent Anti-tumor Effects in Cutaneous and Uveal Melanoma","volume":"8","author":"Bustamante","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68314","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11599","article-title":"Propranolol Induced G0\/G1\/S Phase Arrest and Apoptosis in Melanoma Cells via AKT\/MAPK Pathway","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.373","article-title":"Inhibition of Human Melanoma Growth by a Non-Cardioselective \u03b2-Blocker","volume":"135","author":"Wrobel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Investig. Derm."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-019-09876-9","article-title":"The Role of \u03b2-Blockers in Melanoma","volume":"15","author":"Geppetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmune Pharm."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2014.11.007","article-title":"Heterocyclic Scaffolds as Promising Anticancer Agents against Tumours of the Central Nervous System: Exploring the Scope of Indole and Carbazole Derivatives","volume":"97","author":"Sherer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2015.02.059","article-title":"Biological Potential of Carbazole Derivatives","volume":"94","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2022.105616","article-title":"Optimization and SAR Investigation of Novel 2,3-Dihydropyrazino[1,2-a]Indole-1,4-Dione Derivatives as EGFR and BRAFV600E Dual Inhibitors with Potent Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Activities","volume":"120","author":"Gomaa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2021.128421","article-title":"Discovery of Novel, Potent and Orally Efficacious Inhibitor of Neutral Amino Acid Transporter B0AT1 (SLC6A19)","volume":"53","author":"Desai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2018.01.042","article-title":"Design, Synthesis, Mechanistic and Histopathological Studies of Small-Molecules of Novel Indole-2-Carboxamides and Pyrazino[1,2-a]Indol-1(2H)-Ones as Potential Anticancer Agents Effecting the Reactive Oxygen Species Production","volume":"146","author":"Youssif","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.113031","article-title":"Imidazo[1,2-a]Quinoxalines for Melanoma Treatment with Original Mechanism of Action","volume":"212","author":"Patinote","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2016.04.004","article-title":"New Imidazoquinoxaline Derivatives: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation on Melanoma, Effect on Tubulin Polymerization and Structure\u2013Activity Relationships","volume":"24","author":"Zghaib","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Courbet, A., Bec, N., Constant, C., Larroque, C., Pugniere, M., Messaoudi, S.E., Zghaib, Z., Khier, S., Deleuze-Masquefa, C., and Gattacceca, F. (2017). Imidazoquinoxaline Anticancer Derivatives and Imiquimod Interact with Tubulin: Characterization of Molecular Microtubule Inhibiting Mechanisms in Correlation with Cytotoxicity. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182022"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.104865","article-title":"Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 7\u2013(5\u2013((Substituted\u2013Amino)-Methyl)-Thiophen\u20132\u2013Yl)-Spiro-[Chroman\u20132,4\u2032\u2013Piperidin]\u20134\u2013One Hydrochloride Analogues as Anticancer Agents","volume":"112","author":"Chitti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3051","DOI":"10.1021\/jm200146u","article-title":"Discovery, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Spiropiperidine Hydroxamic Acid Based Derivatives as Structurally Novel Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitors","volume":"54","author":"Varasi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aly, A.A., Br\u00e4se, S., Hassan, A.A., Mohamed, N.K., El-Haleem, L.E.A., Nieger, M., Morsy, N.M., Alshammari, M.B., Ibrahim, M.A.A., and Abdelhafez, E.M.N. (2020). Design, Synthesis, and Molecular Docking of Paracyclophanyl-Thiazole Hybrids as Novel CDK1 Inhibitors and Apoptosis Inducing Anti-Melanoma Agents. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25235569"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.103369","article-title":"Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-Epi-Jaspine B Analogs as Selective Sphingosine Kinase 1 Inhibitors","volume":"98","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2021.132570","article-title":"Synthesis and in Vitro Antiproliferative Profile of Novel Isomeric Aza-Analogues of Natural Jaspine B","volume":"103","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2009.05.002","article-title":"The Natural Marine Anhydrophytosphingosine, Jaspine B, Induces Apoptosis in Melanoma Cells by Interfering with Ceramide Metabolism","volume":"78","author":"Salma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruwizhi, N., and Aderibigbe, B.A. (2020). Cinnamic Acid Derivatives and Their Biological Efficacy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21165712"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.05.032","article-title":"Oxyfadichalcone C Inhibits Melanoma A375 Cell Proliferation and Metastasis via Suppressing PI3K\/Akt and MAPK\/ERK Pathways","volume":"206","author":"Peng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-9966-32-31","article-title":"Niero, E.L.; Machado-Santelli, G.M. Cinnamic Acid Induces Apoptotic Cell Death and Cytoskeleton Disruption in Human Melanoma Cells","volume":"32","author":"de","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2018.07.015","article-title":"Lima, G.D.; Rodrigues, M.P.; de O. Mendes, T.A.; Moreira, G.A.; Siqueira, R.P.; da Silva, A.M.; Vaz, B.G.; Fietto, J.L.R.; Bressan, G.C.; Machado-Neves, M.; et al. Synthesis and Antimetastatic Activity Evaluation of Cinnamic Acid Derivatives Containing 1,2,3-Triazolic Portions","volume":"53","author":"de","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Vitr."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.112689","article-title":"Lima, G.D.; Almeida, A.A.; de Oliveira, L.L.; Bressan, G.C.; Teixeira, R.R.; Machado-Neves, M. Synthesis of Cinnamic Acid Ester Derivatives with Antiproliferative and Antimetastatic Activities on Murine Melanoma Cells","volume":"148","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a026104","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a026104","article-title":"The Cell-Cycle Arrest and Apoptotic Functions of P53 in Tumor Initiation and Progression","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2022.114147","article-title":"Cinnamic Acid Derivatives Linked to Arylpiperazines as Novel Potent Inhibitors of Tyrosinase Activity and Melanin Synthesis","volume":"231","author":"Romagnoli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16058","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c01938","article-title":"An Efficient Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Optical Nonlinearity Response of Novel Salicylaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives","volume":"6","author":"Khalid","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2020.129268","article-title":"A Review on Development of Bio-Active Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives: Recent Advances","volume":"1226","author":"Acharya","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pitucha, M., Korga-Plewko, A., Czylkowska, A., Rogalewicz, B., Drozd, M., Iwan, M., Kubik, J., Humeniuk, E., Adamczuk, G., and Karczmarzyk, Z. (2021). Influence of Complexation of Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives with Cu (II) Ions on Their Antitumor Activity against Melanoma Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22063104"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112266","article-title":"In Vitro and in Vivo Anticancer Activity of Tridentate Thiosemicarbazone Copper Complexes: Unravelling an Unexplored Pharmacological Target","volume":"194","author":"Carcelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9411","DOI":"10.1039\/D0DT01309A","article-title":"Thiosemicarbazone(s)-Anchored Water Soluble Mono- and Bimetallic Cu(II) Complexes: Enzyme-like Activities, Biomolecular Interactions, Anticancer Property and Real-Time Live Cytotoxicity","volume":"49","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1080\/00958972.2020.1768378","article-title":"Synthesis, Antiproliferative Activity and Mechanism of Copper(II)-Thiosemicarbazone Complexes as Potential Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agents","volume":"73","author":"Qi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Coord. Chem."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kozyra, P., Korga-Plewko, A., Karczmarzyk, Z., Hawry\u0142, A., Wysocki, W., Cz\u0142apski, M., Iwan, M., Ostrowska-Le\u015bko, M., Fornal, E., and Pitucha, M. (2022). Potential Anticancer Agents against Melanoma Cells Based on an As-Synthesized Thiosemicarbazide Derivative. Biomolecules, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12020151"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pitucha, M., Korga-Plewko, A., Kozyra, P., Iwan, M., and Kaczor, A.A. (2020). 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Thiosemicarbazides as a New Class of Compounds against Stomach Cancer Potentially Intercalating with DNA. Biomolecules, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10020296"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.105570","article-title":"Synthesis of N-Aryl-2,6-Diphenyl-2H-Pyrazolo[4,3-c]Pyridin-7-Amines and Their Photodynamic Properties in the Human Skin Melanoma Cell Line G361","volume":"119","author":"Malina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.114082","article-title":"Design and Synthesis of Dual Inhibitors Targeting Snail and Histone Deacetylase for the Treatment of Solid Tumour Cancer","volume":"229","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.2174\/15680096113136660102","article-title":"The Role of Snail in EMT and Tumorigenesis","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Cancer Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175371","article-title":"Lysine Acetylation Targets Protein Complexes and Co-Regulates Major Cellular Functions","volume":"325","author":"Choudhary","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.105487","article-title":"Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of New Pyrazoline Derivatives by down-Regulation of VEGF: Molecular Docking and Apoptosis Inducing Activity","volume":"118","author":"Hassan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2022.132691","article-title":"Rationale, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Substituted 1-(4-(Phenylthio)Phenyl)Imidazolidin-2-One, Urea, Thiourea and Amide Analogs and Derivatives Designed to Target the Colchicine-Binding Site","volume":"1259","author":"Bouzriba","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2015.05.034","article-title":"Styryl-N-Phenyl-N\u2019-(2-Chloroethyl)Ureas and Styrylphenylimidazolidin-2-Ones as New Potent Microtubule-Disrupting Agents Using Combretastatin A-4 as Model","volume":"100","author":"Fortin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112079","article-title":"Novel Nitric Oxide-Releasing Derivatives of Triptolide as Antitumor and Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Nitric Oxide Release Studies","volume":"190","author":"Zang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_132","first-page":"65","article-title":"Triptolide Inhibits the Growth and Metastasis of Solid Tumors","volume":"2","author":"Yang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(00)00256-4","article-title":"Role of Nitric Oxide in Carcinogenesis and Tumour Progression","volume":"2","author":"Lala","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2010.10.001","article-title":"Dual Role of NO Donors in the Reversal of Tumor Cell Resistance and EMT: Downregulation of the NF-\u039aB\/Snail\/YY1\/RKIP Circuitry","volume":"24","author":"Bonavida","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgi233","article-title":"N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)Retinamide and Nitric Oxide pro-Drugs Exhibit Apoptotic and Anti-Invasive Effects against Bone Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells","volume":"27","author":"Simeone","year":"2006","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2020.115493","article-title":"Design and Synthesis of Novel Pyrrolo[2,3-b]Pyridine Derivatives Targeting V600EBRAF","volume":"28","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2507","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1103782","article-title":"Improved Survival with Vemurafenib in Melanoma with BRAF V600E Mutation","volume":"364","author":"Chapman","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-306689","article-title":"B-Raf Inhibition in Conjunctival Melanoma Cell Lines with PLX 4720","volume":"99","author":"Riechardt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2016.03.055","article-title":"Purinylpyridinylamino-Based DFG-in\/AC-Helix-out B-Raf Inhibitors: Applying Mutant versus Wild-Type B-Raf Selectivity Indices for Compound Profiling","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-15-0617","article-title":"A Novel RAF Kinase Inhibitor with DFG-Out-Binding Mode: High Efficacy in BRAF-Mutant Tumor Xenograft Models in the Absence of Normal Tissue Hyperproliferation","volume":"15","author":"Waizenegger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pa\u0142kowski, \u0141., Karolak, M., Skrzypczak, A., Wojcieszak, M., Walkiewicz, F., Podemski, J., Jaroch, K., Bojko, B., Materna, K., and Krysi\u0144ski, J. (2022). Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Novel Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27061974"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201600480","article-title":"The Anticancer Potential of Ionic Liquids","volume":"12","author":"Dias","year":"2017","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10104","article-title":"Antiproliferative and Antibacterial Potential of Tetrahexylammonium Bromide-based Ionic Liquids","volume":"22","author":"Popescu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbarossa, A., Catalano, A., Ceramella, J., Carocci, A., Iacopetta, D., Rosano, C., Franchini, C., and Sinicropi, M.S. (2021). Simple Thalidomide Analogs in Melanoma: Synthesis and Biological Activity. Appl. Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/app11135823"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2736","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867324666170601074646","article-title":"A Mini-Review on Thalidomide: Chemistry, Mechanisms of Action, Therapeutic Potential and Anti-Angiogenic Properties in Multiple Myeloma","volume":"24","author":"Mercurio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.200900525","article-title":"Discovery of Phthalimides as Immunomodulatory and Antitumor Drug Prototypes","volume":"5","author":"Pessoa","year":"2010","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.06.037","article-title":"Improvement of in Vivo Anticancer and Antiangiogenic Potential of Thalidomide Derivatives","volume":"239","author":"Carvalho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201600629","article-title":"Old Drug Scaffold, New Activity: Thalidomide-Correlated Compounds Exert Different Effects on Breast Cancer Cell Growth and Progression","volume":"12","author":"Iacopetta","year":"2017","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geng, S., Chen, H., Li, Y., Li, Y., Pang, J., Zhang, F., Qu, Z., Li, M., Liu, N., and Yao, Q. (2022). Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity Testing of Library of Sphk1 Inhibitors. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27062020"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piechowska, K., Mizerska-Kowalska, M., Zdzisi\u0144ska, B., Cytarska, J., Baranowska-\u0141\u0105czkowska, A., Jaroch, K., \u0141uczykowski, K., P\u0142azi\u0144ski, W., Bojko, B., and Kruszewski, S. (2020). Tropinone-Derived Alkaloids as Potent Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Tyrosinase Inhibition, Mechanism of Action, DFT Calculation, and Molecular Docking Studies. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21239050"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.05.006","article-title":"Discovery of Tropinone-Thiazole Derivatives as Potent Caspase 3\/7 Activators, and Noncompetitive Tyrosinase Inhibitors with High Antiproliferative Activity: Rational Design, One-Pot Tricomponent Synthesis, and Lipophilicity Determination","volume":"175","author":"Piechowska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/11\/6084\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:20:49Z","timestamp":1760138449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/11\/6084"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]]},"references-count":151,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms23116084"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23116084","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]]}}}