{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T17:36:39Z","timestamp":1784741799996,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1A2C4001870"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A2C4001870"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2019R1C1C1005728"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019R1C1C1005728"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (SynCAMs) play an important role in the formation and maintenance of synapses and the regulation of synaptic plasticity. SynCAM3 is expressed in the synaptic cleft of the central nervous system (CNS) and is involved in the connection between axons and astrocytes. We hypothesized that SynCAM3 may be related to the astrocytic scar (glial scar, the most important factor of CNS injury treatment) through extracellular matrix (ECM) reconstitution. Thus, we investigated the influence of the selective removal of SynCAM3 on the outcomes of spinal cord injury (SCI). SynCAM3 knock-out (KO) mice were subjected to moderate compression injury of the lower thoracic spinal cord using wild-type (WT) (C57BL\/6JJc1) mice as controls. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis over time, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed reduced scar formation in SynCAM3 KO mice compared to WT mice. SynCAM3 KO mice showed improved functional recovery from SCI by preventing the transformation of reactive astrocytes into scar-forming astrocytes, resulting in improved ECM reconstitution at four weeks after injury. Our findings suggest that SynCAM3 could be a novel therapeutic target for SCI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23116218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T12:48:31Z","timestamp":1654087711000},"page":"6218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Synaptic Cell Adhesion Molecule 3 (SynCAM3) Deletion Promotes Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury by Limiting Glial Scar Formation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Byeong Gwan","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Life Science, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Yeon","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Won","family":"Kyung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Ji","family":"Roh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Life Science, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyemin","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang Su","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3706-2075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong Bae","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5724-8099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seil","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0834-9325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inbo","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2040490.245","article-title":"Outcomes of Spinal Cord Injury: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations","volume":"17","author":"Parthiban","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2040270.135","article-title":"Rehabilitation of Spinal Cord Injury: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations","volume":"17","author":"Peev","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.1836216.108","article-title":"Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Spinal Cord Injury","volume":"16","author":"Ko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2020.105153","article-title":"LAR inhibitory peptide promotes recovery of diaphragm function and multiple forms of respiratory neural circuit plasticity after cervical spinal cord injury","volume":"147","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurobiol. 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