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Bacterial pneumonia is characterized by a harmful inflammatory response with a massive influx of neutrophils, production of cytokines and chemokines, and consequent tissue damage and dysfunction. Targeted therapies to block neutrophil migration to avoid tissue damage while keeping the antimicrobial properties of tissue remains a challenge in the field. Here we tested the effect of the anti-inflammatory properties of the chemokine fragment CXCL9(74\u2013103) in pneumonia induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in mice. Mice were infected by intratracheal injection of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 6 h after infection were treated systemically with CXCL9(74\u2013103). The recruitment of leukocytes, levels of cytokines and chemokines, colony-forming units (CFU), and lung function were evaluated. The treatment with CXCL9(74\u2013103) decreased neutrophil migration to the airways and the production of the cytokine interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2) without affecting bacterial control. In addition, the therapeutic treatment improved lung function in infected mice. Our results indicated that the treatment with CXCL9(74\u2013103) reduced inflammation and improved lung function in Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced pneumonia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23116246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T11:05:02Z","timestamp":1654167902000},"page":"6246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Therapeutic Treatment with the GAG-Binding Chemokine Fragment CXCL9(74\u2013103) Attenuates Neutrophilic Inflammation and Lung Dysfunction during Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Daiane","family":"Boff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Imunofarmacologia, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1715-3834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Remo Castro","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Mechanics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0869-7880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Crijns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1798-5171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vivian Louise Soares","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imunofarmacologia, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9163-6279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matheus Silv\u00e9rio","family":"Mattos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Elias","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9887-3616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo Batista","family":"Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Gastrointestinal Biology, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4556-7671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ang\u00e9lica Thomaz","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiota and Immunomodulation, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6944-3008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro Martins","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imunofarmacologia, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0133-5545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Proost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio Almeida","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imunofarmacologia, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2018.12.008","article-title":"Community-Acquired Pneumonia and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia","volume":"103","author":"Lanks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. 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