{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:36:09Z","timestamp":1792071369462,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenomas are rare tumors characterized by autonomous ACTH secretion with a consequent increase in circulating cortisol levels. The resulting clinical picture is called Cushing\u2019s disease (CD), a severe condition burdened with high morbidity and mortality. Apart from increased cortisol levels, CD patients exhibit a partial resistance to the negative glucocorticoid (GC) feedback, which is of paramount clinical utility, as the lack of suppression after dexamethasone administration is one of the mainstays for the differential diagnosis of CD. Since the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is the main regulator of negative feedback of the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis in normal conditions, its implication in the pathophysiology of ACTH-secreting pituitary tumors is highly plausible. In this paper, we review GR function and structure and the mechanisms of GC resistance in ACTH-secreting pituitary tumors and assess the effects of the available medical therapies targeting GR on tumor growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23126469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T02:25:33Z","timestamp":1654827933000},"page":"6469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Role of Glucocorticoid Receptor in the Pathophysiology of Pituitary Corticotroph Adenomas"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1942-7202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Regazzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Mondin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Scaroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4065-4677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Occhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1081-5727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mattia","family":"Barbot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2020.101380","article-title":"Cushing\u2019s syndrome: Overview of clinical presentation, diagnostic tools and complications","volume":"34","author":"Barbot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Best Pract. 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