{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T15:37:50Z","timestamp":1792165070753,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]],"date-time":"2022-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes multiple infections that can become severe, mainly in hospitalized patients. Its high ability to persist on abiotic surfaces and to resist stressors, together with its high genomic plasticity, make it a remarkable pathogen. Currently, the isolation of strains with high antimicrobial resistance profiles has gained relevance, which complicates patient treatment and prognosis. This resistance capacity is generated by various mechanisms, including the modification of the target site where antimicrobial action is directed. This mechanism is mainly generated by genetic mutations and contributes to resistance against a wide variety of antimicrobials, such as \u03b2-lactams, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, among others, including polymyxin resistance, which includes colistin, a rescue antimicrobial used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant strains of A. baumannii and other Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide a detailed and up-to-date description of antimicrobial resistance mediated by the target site modification in A. baumannii, as well as to detail the therapeutic options available to fight infections caused by this bacterium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23126582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]],"date-time":"2022-06-13T22:00:38Z","timestamp":1655157638000},"page":"6582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Evasion of Antimicrobial Activity in Acinetobacter baumannii by Target Site Modifications: An Effective Resistance Mechanism"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1772-1544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturo","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Trejo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Prolongaci\u00f3n de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s\/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Ruiz-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Cl\u00ednico, Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Pediatr\u00eda Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauht\u00e9moc 330, Col. Doctores, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Uriel","family":"Gonzalez-Avila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Prolongaci\u00f3n de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s\/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7172-0561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Salda\u00f1a-Padilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Prolongaci\u00f3n de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s\/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Bioqu\u00edmica Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Prolongaci\u00f3n de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s\/n, Col. 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