{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T02:18:03Z","timestamp":1788315483146,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","award":["2018\/05181-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/05181-7"]}]},{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","award":["2019\/09741-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/09741-0"]}]},{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","award":["2018\/08631-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/08631-3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common relapsing inflammatory skin disorder characterized by immune-mediated inflammation and epidermal barrier dysfunction. The pathogenesis of AD is multifactorial and has not been fully elucidated to date. This study aimed to evaluate whether serum IgG from adult AD patients could modulate the thymic maturation of IL-22-producing T cells and CLA+ T cells of non-atopic infants. Given that miRNAs regulate immune response genes, we evaluated whether miRNA expression is also altered in cultured thymocytes. Thymocytes were cultured with purified IgG from AD patients or control conditions (mock, Intravenous-IgG (IVIg), non-atopic IgG, or atopic non-AD IgG). Using flow cytometry analysis, we assessed the expression of CLA and intracellular levels of IL-4, IFN-\u03b3, and IL-22 on double-positive T cells (DP T), CD4 T cells, or CD8 T cells. We also investigated the frequency of IgG isotypes and their direct interaction with the thymic T cells membrane. The miRNA profiles were evaluated by the Illumina small RNA-seq approach. MiRNA target gene prediction and enrichment analyses were performed using bioinformatics. Increased frequencies of IL-22 and CLA+ producing CD4+ T cells cultured with IgG of AD patients was seen in non-atopic infant thymocytes compared to all control conditions. No alterations were observed in the frequency of IgG isotypes among evaluated IgG pools. Evidence for a direct interaction between IgG and thymic DP T, CD4 T, and CD8 T cells is presented. The small RNA-seq analysis identified ten mature miRNAs that were modulated by AD IgG compared to mock condition (miR-181b-5p, hsa-miR-130b-3p, hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-4497, has-miR-146a, hsa-let-7i-5p, hsa-miR-342-3p, has-miR-148a-3p, has-miR-92a and has-miR-4492). The prediction of the targetome of the seven dysregulated miRNAs between AD and mock control revealed 122 putative targets, and functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Our results enhance our understanding of the mechanism by which IgG can collaborate in thymic T cells in the setting of infant AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23126867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T01:43:27Z","timestamp":1655775807000},"page":"6867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["IgG from Adult Atopic Dermatitis (AD) Patients Induces Thymic IL-22 Production and CLA Expression on CD4+ T Cells: Possible Epigenetic Implications Mediated by miRNA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Thamires Rodrigues","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. En\u00e9as Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9628-9184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz Oliveira","family":"Fagundes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. En\u00e9as Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrezza","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo 04039-002, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8246-3126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena Abreu","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo 04039-002, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio da Ressurei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Sgnotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2807-1404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel Le\u00e3o","family":"Orfali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. En\u00e9as Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9ria","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. En\u00e9as Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto Jos\u00e9 da Silva","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. En\u00e9as Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabri Saeed","family":"Sanabani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. En\u00e9as Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-03, Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6092-8394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jefferson Russo","family":"Victor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. En\u00e9as Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Health Sciences School, Sao Paulo 04505-002, Brazil"},{"name":"Medical School, Universidade Santo Amaro (UNISA), Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2019.40.4202","article-title":"Pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis: Clinical implications","volume":"40","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2019.01.003","article-title":"The microbiome and allergic diseases: A struggle between good and bad microbes","volume":"122","author":"Leung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. 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