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We previously evidenced that hypergravity exposure during gestation affects the TCR\u03b2 repertoire of newborn pups. To identify the mechanisms underlying this observation, we studied post-translational histone modifications. We first showed that among the four studied post-translational histone H3 modifications, only lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) is downregulated in the thymus of mice exposed to 2\u00d7 g for 21 days. We then asked whether the TCR\u03b2 locus chromatin structure is altered by hypergravity exposure. ChIP studies performed on four V\u03b2 segments of the murine double-negative SCIET27 thymic cell line, which corresponds to the last maturation stage before V(D)J recombination, revealed increases in H3K27me3 after 2\u00d7 g exposure. Finally, we evaluated the implication for the EZH2 methyltransferase in the regulation of the H3K27me3 level at these V\u03b2 segments by treating SCIET27 cells with the GSK126-specific inhibitor. These experiments showed that the downregulation of H3K27me3 contributes to the regulation of the V\u03b2 germline transcript expression that precedes V(D)J recombination. These data show that modifications of H3K27me3 at the TCR\u03b2 locus likely contribute to an explanation of why the TCR repertoire is affected by gravity changes and imply, for the first time, EZH2 in the regulation of the TCR\u03b2 locus chromatin structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23137133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T22:31:14Z","timestamp":1656369074000},"page":"7133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Chronic Hypergravity Induces a Modification of Histone H3 Lysine 27 Trimethylation at TCR\u03b2 Locus in Murine Thymocytes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3764-5905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaetano","family":"Calcagno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, SIMPA, Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nassima","family":"Ouzren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, SIMPA, Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7213-6060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Kaminski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, SIMPA, Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Ghislin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, SIMPA, Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4027-6269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Pol","family":"Frippiat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, SIMPA, Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(81)90401-3","article-title":"Transcription of the Unrearranged Mouse C Kappa Locus: Sequence of the Initiation Region and Comparison of Activity with a Rearranged V Kappa-C Kappa Gene","volume":"27","author":"Weigert","year":"1981","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(85)90141-2","article-title":"Developmentally Controlled and Tissue-Specific Expression of Unrearranged VH Gene Segments","volume":"40","author":"Yancopoulos","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1379","article-title":"Regulation of T Cell Receptor-Alpha Gene Recombination by Transcription","volume":"7","author":"Abarrategui","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. 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