{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:30:05Z","timestamp":1790703005051,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":236,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Eisdell Moore Centre (Auckland, New Zealand)","award":["3721994"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3721994"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article provides a theoretical overview of the association between age-related hearing loss (ARHL), immune system ageing (immunosenescence), and chronic inflammation. ARHL, or presbyacusis, is the most common sensory disability that significantly reduces the quality of life and has a high economic impact. This disorder is linked to genetic risk factors but is also influenced by a lifelong cumulative effect of environmental stressors, such as noise, otological diseases, or ototoxic drugs. Age-related hearing loss and other age-related disorders share common mechanisms which often converge on low-grade chronic inflammation known as \u201cinflammaging\u201d. Various stimuli can sustain inflammaging, including pathogens, cell debris, nutrients, and gut microbiota. As a result of ageing, the immune system can become defective, leading to the accumulation of unresolved inflammatory processes in the body. Gut microbiota plays a central role in inflammaging because it can release inflammatory mediators and crosstalk with other organ systems. A proinflammatory gut environment associated with ageing could result in a leaky gut and the translocation of bacterial metabolites and inflammatory mediators to distant organs via the systemic circulation. Here, we postulate that inflammaging, as a result of immunosenescence and gut dysbiosis, accelerates age-related cochlear degeneration, contributing to the development of ARHL. Age-dependent gut dysbiosis was included as a hypothetical link that should receive more attention in future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23137348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T22:50:46Z","timestamp":1656888646000},"page":"7348","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3278-7242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dagmara","family":"Kociszewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and The Eisdell Moore Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland 1142, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8548-6844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srdjan","family":"Vlajkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and The Eisdell Moore Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland 1142, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rivas-Chacon, L.D.M., Martinez-Rodriguez, S., Madrid-Garcia, R., Yanes-Diaz, J., Riestra-Ayora, J.I., Sanz-Fernandez, R., and Sanchez-Rodriguez, C. 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