{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T11:48:36Z","timestamp":1789213716960,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]],"date-time":"2022-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Austrian Society of Hematology and Medical Oncology (OeGHO)","award":["25690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25690"]}]},{"name":"Austrian Society of Hematology and Medical Oncology (OeGHO)","award":["T923-B26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T923-B26"]}]},{"name":"Austrian Society of Hematology and Medical Oncology (OeGHO)","award":["LS18-058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LS18-058"]}]},{"name":"DOC Fellowship Programme of the Austrian Academy of Sciences","award":["25690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25690"]}]},{"name":"DOC Fellowship Programme of the Austrian Academy of Sciences","award":["T923-B26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T923-B26"]}]},{"name":"DOC Fellowship Programme of the Austrian Academy of Sciences","award":["LS18-058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LS18-058"]}]},{"name":"Austrian Science Fund (FWF)","award":["25690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25690"]}]},{"name":"Austrian Science Fund (FWF)","award":["T923-B26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T923-B26"]}]},{"name":"Austrian Science Fund (FWF)","award":["LS18-058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LS18-058"]}]},{"name":"MEFOgraz","award":["25690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25690"]}]},{"name":"MEFOgraz","award":["T923-B26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T923-B26"]}]},{"name":"MEFOgraz","award":["LS18-058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LS18-058"]}]},{"name":"START-Funding-Program of the Medical University of Graz","award":["25690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25690"]}]},{"name":"START-Funding-Program of the Medical University of Graz","award":["T923-B26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T923-B26"]}]},{"name":"START-Funding-Program of the Medical University of Graz","award":["LS18-058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LS18-058"]}]},{"name":"Vienna Science and Technology Fund","award":["25690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25690"]}]},{"name":"Vienna Science and Technology Fund","award":["T923-B26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T923-B26"]}]},{"name":"Vienna Science and Technology Fund","award":["LS18-058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LS18-058"]}]},{"name":"DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences","award":["25690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25690"]}]},{"name":"DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences","award":["T923-B26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T923-B26"]}]},{"name":"DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences","award":["LS18-058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LS18-058"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chemokine receptors and their ligands have been identified as playing an important role in the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, and Richter syndrome (RS). Our aim was to investigate the different expression profiles in de novo DLBCL, transformed follicular lymphoma (tFL), and RS. Here, we profiled the mRNA expression levels of 18 chemokine receptors (CCR1\u2013CCR9, CXCR1\u2013CXCR7, CX3CR1 and XCR1) using RQ-PCR, as well as immunohistochemistry of seven chemokine receptors (CCR1, CCR4\u2013CCR8 and CXCR2) in RS, de novo DLBCL, and tFL biopsy-derived tissues. Tonsil-derived germinal center B-cells (GC-B) served as non-neoplastic controls. The chemokine receptor expression profiles of de novo DLBCL and tFL substantially differed from those of GC-B, with at least 5-fold higher expression of 15 out of the 18 investigated chemokine receptors (CCR1\u2013CCR9, CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR6, CXCR7, CX3CR1 and XCR1) in these lymphoma subtypes. Interestingly, the de novo DLBCL and tFL exhibited at least 22-fold higher expression of CCR1, CCR5, CCR8, and CXCR6 compared with RS, whereas no significant difference in chemokine receptor expression profile was detected when comparing de novo DLBCL with tFL. Furthermore, in de novo DLBCL and tFLs, a high expression of CCR7 was associated with a poor overall survival in our study cohort, as well as in an independent patient cohort. Our data indicate that the chemokine receptor expression profile of RS differs substantially from that of de novo DLBCL and tFL. Thus, these multiple dysregulated chemokine receptors could represent novel clinical markers as diagnostic and prognostic tools. Moreover, this study highlights the relevance of chemokine signaling crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment of aggressive lymphomas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23147874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]],"date-time":"2022-07-17T22:57:06Z","timestamp":1658098626000},"page":"7874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Distinct Chemokine Receptor Expression Profiles in De Novo DLBCL, Transformed Follicular Lymphoma, Richter\u2019s Trans-Formed DLBCL and Germinal Center B-Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Uhl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina T.","family":"Prochazka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6972-4937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrin","family":"Pansy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Wenzl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3606-2185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna","family":"Strobl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Baumgartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta M.","family":"Szmyra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Waha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter V.","family":"Tomazic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Steinbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Steinwender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Friedl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Weniger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6691-7191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralf","family":"K\u00fcppers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"},{"name":"German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8701-9462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Pichler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hildegard T.","family":"Greinix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Stary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, 1090 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0452-0420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alan G.","family":"Ramsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Apollonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3667-5857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Feichtinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Beham-Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Neumeister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0914-2809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander J.","family":"Deutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"275","article-title":"The molecular background of aggressive B cell lymphomas as a basis for targeted therapy","volume":"223","author":"Ponz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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