{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T16:20:09Z","timestamp":1780503609810,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":235,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]],"date-time":"2022-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI19\/01330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/01330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"ISCIII-Subdirecci\u00f3n General de Evaluaci\u00f3n y Fomento de la Investigaci\u00f3n del Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)","award":["PI19\/01330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/01330"]}]},{"name":"Novo Nordisk","award":["PI19\/01330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/01330"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world. In 2019, 550 million people were suffering from CVD and 18 million of them died as a result. Most of them had associated risk factors such as high fasting glucose, which caused 134 million deaths, and obesity, which accounted for 5.02 million deaths. Diabesity, a combination of type 2 diabetes and obesity, contributes to cardiac, metabolic, inflammation and neurohumoral changes that determine cardiac dysfunction (diabesity-related cardiomyopathy). Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is distributed around the myocardium, promoting myocardial inflammation and fibrosis, and is associated with an increased risk of heart failure, particularly with preserved systolic function, atrial fibrillation and coronary atherosclerosis. In fact, several hypoglycaemic drugs have demonstrated a volume reduction of EAT and effects on its metabolic and inflammation profile. However, it is necessary to improve knowledge of the diabesity pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases for comprehensive patient management including drugs to optimize glucometabolic control. This review presents the mechanisms of diabesity associated with cardiovascular disease and their therapeutic implications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23147886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]],"date-time":"2022-07-17T22:57:06Z","timestamp":1658098626000},"page":"7886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Diabesity in Elderly Cardiovascular Disease Patients: Mechanisms and Regulators"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Garc\u00eda-Vega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Intensive Cardiac Care Department, University Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"},{"name":"Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9681-3388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3n","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Juanatey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Intensive Cardiac Care Department, University Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"},{"name":"Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERCV, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7200-253X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Eiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBERCV, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Translational Cardiology Group (Laboratory 6), Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, June 16). 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