{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:27:38Z","timestamp":1792272458655,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rhabdomyolysis is a compound disease that may be induced by many factors, both congenital and acquired. Statin therapy is considered one of the most common acquired factors. However, recent scientific reports suggest that serious complications such as rhabdomyolysis are rarely observed. Researchers suggest that, in many cases, side effects that occur with statin therapy, including muscle pain, can be avoided with lower-dose statin therapy or in combination therapy with other drugs. One of the most recent agents discovered to contribute to rhabdomyolysis is COVID-19 disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Rhabdomyolysis is defined as a damage to striated muscle cells with escape of intracellular substances into the bloodstream. These substances, including myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK), potassium, and uridine acid, are markers of muscle damage and early complications of rhabdomyolysis. Symptoms may be helpful in establishing the diagnosis. However, in almost 50% of patients, they do not occur. Therefore, the diagnosis is confirmed by serum CK levels five times higher than the upper limit of normal. One of the late complications of this condition is acute kidney injury (AKI), which is immediately life-threatening and has a high mortality rate among patients. Therefore, the prompt detection and treatment of rhabdomyolysis is important. Markers of muscle damage, such as CK, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), myoglobin, troponins, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), are important in diagnosis. Treatment of rhabdomyolysis is mainly based on early, aggressive fluid resuscitation. However, therapeutic interventions, such as urinary alkalinization with sodium bicarbonate or the administration of mannitol or furosemide, have not proven to be beneficial. In some patients who develop AKI in the course of rhabdomyolysis, renal replacement therapy (RRT) is required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T22:03:42Z","timestamp":1658873022000},"page":"8215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Rhabdomyolysis-Induced AKI (RIAKI) Including the Role of COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ewelina","family":"M\u0142ynarska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. \u017beromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4463-2731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Krzemi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. \u017beromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Wronka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. \u017beromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Franczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. \u017beromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Rysz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. \u017beromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09185-4","article-title":"A systematic review on the definition of rhabdomyolysis","volume":"267","author":"Stahl","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1314-5","article-title":"Beyond muscle destruction: A systematic review of rhabdomyolysis for clinical practice","volume":"20","author":"Chavez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-019-01968-y","article-title":"Spectrum of rhabdomyolysis in an acute hospital","volume":"188","author":"McKenna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ir. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24606","article-title":"Diagnostic evaluation of rhabdomyolysis","volume":"51","author":"Ms","year":"2015","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.03.010","article-title":"Mechanisms of statin-associated skeletal muscle-associated symptoms","volume":"154","author":"Bouitbir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz455","article-title":"2019 ESC\/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: Lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk","volume":"41","author":"Mach","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6617905","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6617905","article-title":"Role of Statins in the Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in the Population with Mean Cholesterol in the Near-Optimal to Borderline High Range: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"2020","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.02.071","article-title":"Statin-Associated Side Effects","volume":"67","author":"Thompson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cholesterol Treatment Trialists\u2019 (CTT) Collaboration, Baigent, C., Blackwell, L., Emberson, J., Holland, L.E., Reith, C., Bhala, N., and Collins, R. (2010). Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: A meta-analysis of data from 170 000 participants in 26 randomised trials. Lancet, 376, 1670\u20131681.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61350-5"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.11.002","article-title":"2018 AHA\/ACC\/AACVPR\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/ADA\/AGS\/APhA\/ASPC\/NLA\/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"73","author":"Grundy","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032","article-title":"China medical treatment expert group for COVID-19 2020. Clinical Characteristics of coronavirus disease in China","volume":"382","author":"Guan","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022, May 25). COVID-19 Weekly Epidemiological Update Edition 93, Published 25 May 2022. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/m\/item\/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3087","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-020-06039-y","article-title":"COVID-19 and Rhabdomyolysis","volume":"35","author":"Chedid","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2607.200445","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis as Potential Late Complication Associated with COVID-19","volume":"26","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e237616","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-237616","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury in severe COVID-19 infection","volume":"13","author":"Taxbro","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"5528461","article-title":"Acute Kidney Injury Secondary to Rhabdomyolysis and COVID-19: A Case Report and Literature Review","volume":"2021","author":"Chetram","year":"2021","journal-title":"Case Rep. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-0692","article-title":"Case Report: Rhabdomyolysis in a Patient with COVID-19: A Proposed Diagnostic-Therapeutic Algorithm","volume":"103","author":"Pineda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00608-z","article-title":"Systemic and organ-specific immune-related manifestations of COVID-19","volume":"17","author":"Mariette","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/mkfmxt","article-title":"Skeletal muscles and COVID-19: A systematic review of rhabdomyolysis and myositis in SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"40","author":"Hannah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26595","article-title":"Extrapulmonary manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection","volume":"93","author":"Rosen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med Virol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705908","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.705908","article-title":"COVID-19 and Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review","volume":"9","author":"Sabaghian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2020050699","article-title":"COVID-19\u2013Associated Kidney Injury: A Case Series of Kidney Biopsy Findings","volume":"31","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1590\/2175-8239-jbn-2020-0204","article-title":"A review of COVID-19 and acute kidney injury: From pathophysiology to clinical results","volume":"43","author":"Pecly","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bras. Nefrol."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Goyal, A., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Hashmi, M.F., and Bashir, K. (2022). Acute Kidney Injury, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Goyal, A., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Hashmi, M.F., Bashir, K., and John, B.K. (2022). Acute Kidney Injury (Nursing), StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.disamonth.2020.101015","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis","volume":"66","author":"Cabral","year":"2020","journal-title":"Disease-A-Month"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2018.12.061","article-title":"An evidence-based narrative review of the emergency department evaluation and management of rhabdomyolysis","volume":"37","author":"Long","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"National Clinical Guideline Centre (UK) (2013). Acute Kidney Injury: Prevention, Detection and Management Up to the Point of Renal Replacement Therapy, Royal College of Physicians."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Bindroo, S., Quintanilla Rodriguez, B.S., and Challa, H.J. (2022). Renal Failure, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2019). Acute Kidney Injury: Prevention, Detection and Management, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Hanif, M.O., Bali, A., and Ramphul, K. (2022). Acute Renal Tubular Necrosis, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Manzoor, H., and Bhatt, H. (2022). Prerenal Kidney Failure, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Naik, R.H., and Annamaraju, P. (2022). Interstitial Nephritis, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Naik, R.H., and Shawar, S.H. (2022). Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0801327","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Kidney Injury","volume":"361","author":"Bosch","year":"2009","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Thakore, P., and Liang, T.H. (2022). Urolithiasis, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy162","article-title":"Histological manifestations of rhabdomyolysis in the kidney","volume":"33","author":"Bajema","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"e9742","article-title":"Role of Bicarbonates and Mannitol in Rhabdomyolysis: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"12","author":"Somagutta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, J., Zhou, J., Wang, X., Wang, S., Tang, Y., and Yang, L. (2020). Risk factors for severe acute kidney injury among patients with rhabdomyolysis. BMC Nephrol., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-020-02104-0"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03366-8","article-title":"Myoglobin clearance with continuous veno-venous hemodialysis using high cutoff dialyzer versus continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration using high-flux dialyzer: A prospective randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Weidhase","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1159\/000354727","article-title":"Myoglobin Removal Using High-Volume High-Flux Hemofiltration in Patients with Oliguric Acute Kidney Injury","volume":"36","author":"Guzman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood Purif."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000490","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury: Creatine kinase as a prognostic marker and validation of the McMahon Score in a 10-year cohort: Retrospective observational evaluation","volume":"33","author":"Simpson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0000000000000510","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis: A 10-year retrospective study of patients treated in a medical department","volume":"26","author":"Vangstad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"177","article-title":"Severe rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure following recent Coxsackie B virus infection","volume":"61","author":"Fodili","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neth. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usz101","article-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Rhabdomyolysis in the Absence of Creatine Phosphokinase: A Medical Record Review","volume":"184","author":"Chandel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mil. Med."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm.13.163","article-title":"Potential biomarkers of skeletal muscle damage","volume":"8","author":"Rebalka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomark. Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394317-0.00015-7","article-title":"Metabolic markers in sports medicine","volume":"56","author":"Banfi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Clin Chem."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2010.179","article-title":"Biochemical markers of muscular damage","volume":"48","author":"Brancaccio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. (CCLM)"},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"e24","article-title":"The Value of Lactate Dehydrogenase in Predicting Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Renal Failure; a Narrative Review","volume":"9","author":"Beigvand","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.09.050","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis","volume":"72 Pt A","author":"Lavallaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1582","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis Associated With 2009 Influenza A(H1N1)","volume":"302","author":"Ayala","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1059344","article-title":"Structural Mechanism for Statin Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase","volume":"292","author":"Istvan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.50948","article-title":"Statin Intolerance Clinical Guide 2018","volume":"27","author":"Kajinami","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Atheroscler. Thromb."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e38","DOI":"10.1161\/ATV.0000000000000073","article-title":"Statin Safety and Associated Adverse Events: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association","volume":"39","author":"Newman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arter. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318776831","article-title":"Statins for primary prevention and rhabdomyolysis: A nationwide cohort study in France","volume":"26","author":"Coste","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487314525531","article-title":"What proportion of symptomatic side effects in patients taking statins are genuinely caused by the drug? Systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled trials to aid individual patient choice","volume":"21","author":"Finegold","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2473","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31075-9","article-title":"Adverse events associated with unblinded, but not with blinded, statin therapy in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial\u2014Lipid-Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial and its non-randomised non-blind extension phase","volume":"389","author":"Gupta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2007.06.037","article-title":"The syndrome of rhabdomyolysis: Complications and treatment","volume":"19","author":"Chatzizisis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-020-0645-1","article-title":"Short- and long-term renal outcomes following severe rhabdomyolysis: A French multicenter retrospective study of 387 patients","volume":"10","author":"Candela","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Intensiv. Care"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfab326","article-title":"The changing nature of COVID-19-associated AKI: Where are we now?","volume":"37","author":"Noble","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2020.09.003","article-title":"Pathophysiology and Pathology of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With COVID-19","volume":"27","author":"Ng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Chronic Kidney Dis."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.13308","article-title":"Prevention of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury\u2013A DASAIM\/DSIT clinical practice guideline","volume":"63","author":"Michelsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-019-00614-1","article-title":"Furosemide as a functional marker of acute kidney injury in ICU patients: A new role for an old drug","volume":"32","author":"Mariano","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2021.1906701","article-title":"The furosemide stress test: Current use and future potential","volume":"43","author":"McMahon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ren. Fail."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S254516","article-title":"The Association Between Rhabdomyolysis, Acute Kidney Injury, Renal Replacement Therapy, and Mortality","volume":"12","author":"Nielsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"1","article-title":"Extracorporeal Removal of Myoglobin in Patients with Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Kidney Injury: Comparison of High and Medium Cut-Off Membrane and an Adsorber Cartridge","volume":"25","author":"Jerman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Purif."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-021-03468-x","article-title":"Blood purification with a cytokine adsorber for the elimination of myoglobin in critically ill patients with severe rhabdomyolysis","volume":"25","author":"Scharf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit. Care"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/15\/8215\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:56:52Z","timestamp":1760140612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/15\/8215"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms23158215"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23158215","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]]}}}