{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:29:35Z","timestamp":1790839775487,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"French National Institute of Health INSERM, Fondation pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","award":["M2R20190600887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M2R20190600887"]}]},{"name":"INSERM-Transfert CoPoC","award":["M2R20190600887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M2R20190600887"]}]},{"name":"Idex Pr\u00e9-maturation \u201cUniversit\u00e9 Paris 2019\u201d","award":["M2R20190600887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M2R20190600887"]}]},{"name":"Conseil R\u00e9gional de Bretagne","award":["M2R20190600887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M2R20190600887"]}]},{"name":"Rennes M\u00e9tropole","award":["M2R20190600887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M2R20190600887"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fistulizing anoperineal lesions are severe complications of Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) that affect quality of life with a long-term risk of anal sphincter destruction, incontinence, permanent stoma, and anal cancer. Despite several surgical procedures, they relapse in about two-thirds of patients, mandating innovative treatments. Ultrasmall particles of iron oxide (USPIO) have been described to achieve in vivo rapid healing of deep wounds in the skin and liver of rats thanks to their nanobridging capability that could be adapted to fistula treatment. Our main purpose was to highlight preclinical data with USPIO for the treatment of perianal fistulizing CD. Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats with severe 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid solution (TNBS)-induced proctitis were operated to generate two perianal fistulas per rat. At day 35, two inflammatory fistulas were obtained per rat and perineal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. After a baseline MRI, a fistula tract was randomly drawn and topically treated either with saline or with USPIO for 1 min (n = 17 for each). The rats underwent a perineal MRI on postoperative days (POD) 1, 4, and 7 and were sacrificed for pathological examination. The primary outcome was the filling or closure of the fistula tract, including the external or internal openings. USPIO treatment allowed the closure and\/or filling of all the treated fistulas from its application until POD 7 in comparison with the control fistulas (23%). The treatment with USPIO was safe, permanently closed the fistula along its entire length, including internal and external orifices, and paved new avenues for the treatment of perianal fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T20:49:28Z","timestamp":1659041368000},"page":"8324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Preclinical Validation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Treatment of Perianal Fistulizing Crohn\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Antoine","family":"Cazelles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement of Chirurgie Colorectale, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Beaujon, CEDEX, 92110 Clichy, France"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Team Gut Inflammation, BP 416, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7882-6860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxime K.","family":"Collard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement of Chirurgie Colorectale, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Beaujon, CEDEX, 92110 Clichy, France"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Team Gut Inflammation, BP 416, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoann","family":"Lalatonne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Paris Nord, LVTS, INSERM, UMR 1148, 75018 Paris, France"},{"name":"D\u00e9partements of Biochimie and de M\u00e9decine Nucl\u00e9aire, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Avicenne, 93009 Bobigny, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Doblas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, BP 416, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magaly","family":"Zappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, BP 416, 75018 Paris, France"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement of Radiologie, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Beaujon, CEDEX, 92110 Clichy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cam\u00e9lia","family":"Labiad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement of Chirurgie Colorectale, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Beaujon, CEDEX, 92110 Clichy, France"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Team Gut Inflammation, BP 416, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Cazals-Hatem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Team Gut Inflammation, BP 416, 75018 Paris, France"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement of Pathologie, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Beaujon, CEDEX, 92110 Clichy, 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France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Panis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement of Chirurgie Colorectale, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Beaujon, CEDEX, 92110 Clichy, France"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Team Gut Inflammation, BP 416, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7961-0378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrich","family":"Jarry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, BIOSIT UAR 3480, US_S 018, Oncotrial, 35000 Rennes, France"},{"name":"Biotrial Pharmacology, Unit\u00e9 De Pharmacologie Pr\u00e9clinique, 35000 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Desvall\u00e9es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, BIOSIT UAR 3480, US_S 018, Oncotrial, 35000 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8082-4477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre-Antoine","family":"Eliat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, BIOSIT UAR 3480, US_S 018, PRISM, 35000 Rennes, France"},{"name":"INRAE, INSERM, Institute NUMECAN, UMR_A 1341, Universit\u00e9 Rennes, UMR_S 1241, 35000 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Pineau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, CLCC Eug\u00e8ne Marquis, Oncogenesis, Stress Signaling, Universit\u00e9 Rennes, UMR_S 1242, 35000 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6129-539X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurence","family":"Motte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Paris Nord, LVTS, INSERM, UMR 1148, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2197-9468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Didier","family":"Letourneur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Paris Nord, LVTS, INSERM, UMR 1148, 75018 Paris, 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