{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T03:48:01Z","timestamp":1788234481576,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CNPq Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"CNPq Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation","award":["312275\/2021\u20138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312275\/2021\u20138"]}]},{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)","award":["312275\/2021\u20138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312275\/2021\u20138"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["312275\/2021\u20138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312275\/2021\u20138"]}]},{"name":"Pr\u00f3-Reitoria de Pesquisa e P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Pr\u00f3-Reitoria de Pesquisa e P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o","award":["312275\/2021\u20138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312275\/2021\u20138"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fluoride (F) is abundantly present on Earth and plays a beneficial role in human health. However, exposure to high doses of F can be a risk, mainly in endemic fluorosis regions. In light of this, we investigated the effects of F exposure during the intrauterine and postnatal periods of rats, in doses similar to those recommended in drinking water and the levels of F in regions with endemic fluorosis, on the offspring rats\u2019 cerebellum. Pregnant rats were divided into three groups: control (received ultrapure water only), 10 mg F\/L, and 50 mg F\/L for a period of 42 days (21 days gestation and 21 days lactation). At the end of the lactation period, the male pups were evaluated by behavioral tests, morphological markers, and biochemistry assays. The results pointed out that 50 mg F\/L exposure during the intrauterine and lactational period of rats is capable of promoting oxidative stress in the cerebellum with a decrease in Purkinje cell density and myelin basic protein compromise, which could be associated with functional motor impairments. In addition, although 10 mg F\/L exposure promoted redox alterations, it did not affect other parameters evaluated, highlighting the safe use of F in low doses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T02:11:32Z","timestamp":1659406292000},"page":"8556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Intrauterine and Postnatal Exposure to High Levels of Fluoride Is Associated with Motor Impairments, Oxidative Stress, and Morphological Damage in the Cerebellum of Offspring Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1843-4184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deiweson","family":"Souza-Monteiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Karolina Martins","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo Oliveira","family":"Bittencourt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4578-1106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walessa Alana Bragan\u00e7a","family":"Arag\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor Gon\u00e7alves de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Inflammation and Behavior Pharmacology, Pharmacy Faculty, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4493-7375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiane Socorro Ferraz","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Inflammation and Behavior Pharmacology, Pharmacy Faculty, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6483-0498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Aurelio M.","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Society, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossor\u00f3 59610-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5929-1987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatemeh Vida","family":"Zohoori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5985-3951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00edlia Afonso Rabelo","family":"Buzalaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1486-4013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael Rodrigues","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.57379","article-title":"Physiology and toxicity of fluoride","volume":"20","author":"Dhar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J. 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