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Although Cu-BTC (1, MOF-199, BTC: benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate) has versatile applications, its NO storage and release characteristics are not amenable to therapeutic usage. In this work, micro-sized Cu-BTC was prepared solvothermally and then processed by ball-milling to prepare nano-sized Cu-BTC (2). The NO storage and release properties of the micro- and nano-sized Cu-BTC MOFs were morphology dependent. Control of the hydration degree and morphology of the NO delivery vehicle improved the NO release characteristics significantly. In particular, the nano-sized NO-loaded Cu-BTC (NO\u2282nano-Cu-BTC, 4) released NO at 1.81 \u00b5mol\u00b7mg\u22121 in 1.2 h in PBS, which meets the requirements for clinical usage. The solid-state structural formula of NO\u2282Cu-BTC was successfully determined to be [CuC6H2O5]\u00b7(NO)0.167 through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, suggesting no structural changes in Cu-BTC upon the intercalation of 0.167 equivalents of NO within the pores of Cu-BTC after NO loading. The structure of Cu-BTC was also stably maintained after NO release. NO\u2282Cu-BTC exhibited significant antibacterial activity against six bacterial strains, including Gram-negative and positive bacteria. NO\u2282Cu-BTC could be utilized as a hybrid NO donor to explore the synergistic effects of the known antibacterial properties of Cu-BTC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23169098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T01:47:21Z","timestamp":1660528041000},"page":"9098","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Controllable Nitric Oxide Storage and Release in Cu-BTC: Crystallographic Insights and Bioactivity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Do Nam","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ingenium College of Liberal Arts (Chemistry), Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeong Rim","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sohyeon","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanobio-Energy Materials Center, Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2116-6707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ngoc Minh","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si 15588, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Sciences, Hue University, Hue City 530000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bong Joo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Su Jung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ingenium College of Liberal Arts (Chemistry), Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3959-4956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngmee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanobio-Energy Materials Center, Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4932-3885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyojong","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si 15588, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanobio-Energy Materials Center, Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6117-6910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Ho","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"385","article-title":"Similarities on behavior of nitric oxide and endothelium derived relaxing factor in a perfusion cascade bioassay system","volume":"46","author":"Furchgott","year":"1987","journal-title":"Fed. 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