{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:57:11Z","timestamp":1791489431214,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,21]],"date-time":"2022-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"St.-Petersburg State University initial funding (ideas, experimental model)"},{"name":"Foundation for Scientific and Technological Development of Yugra"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The diving reflex is an oxygen-saving mechanism which is accompanied by apnea, reflex bradycardia development, peripheral vasoconstriction, spleen erythrocyte release, and selective redistribution of blood flow to the organs most vulnerable to lack of oxygen, such as the brain, heart, and lungs. However, this is a poorly studied form of hypoxia, with a knowledge gap on physiological and biochemical adaptation mechanisms. The reflective sympathetic constriction of the resistive vessels is realized via ADRA1A. It has been shown that ADRA1A SNP (p.Arg347Cys; rs1048101) is associated with changes in tonus in vessel walls. Moreover, the Cys347 allele has been shown to regulate systolic blood pressure. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether the ADRA1A polymorphism affected the pulmonary vascular reactions in men and women in response to the diving reflex. Men (n = 52) and women (n = 50) untrained in diving aged 18 to 25 were recruited into the study. The vascular reactions and blood flow were examined by integrated rheography and rheography of the pulmonary artery. Peripheral blood circulation was registered by plethysmography. The ADRA1A gene polymorphism (p.Arg347Cys; rs1048101) was determined by PCR-RFLP. In both men and women, reflective pulmonary vasodilation did occur in response to the diving reflex, but in women this vasodilation was more pronounced and was accompanied by a higher filling of the lungs with blood.. Additionally, ADRA1A SNP (p.Arg347Cys; rs1048101) is associated with sex. Interestingly, women with the Arg347 allele demonstrated the highest vasodilation of the lung vessels. Therefore, our data may help to indicate women with the most prominent adaptive reactions to the diving reflex. Our data also indicate that women and men with the Cys allele of the ADRA1A gene polymorphism have the highest risk of developing lung hypertension in response to the diving reflex. The diving reflex is an oxygen-saving mechanism which is accompanied by apnea, reflex bradycardia development, peripheral vasoconstriction, spleen erythrocyte release, and selective redistribution of blood flow to the organs most vulnerable to lack of oxygen, such as the brain, heart, and lungs. However, this is a poorly studied form of hypoxia, with a knowledge gap on physiological and biochemical adaptation mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23169433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,21]],"date-time":"2022-08-21T22:23:13Z","timestamp":1661120593000},"page":"9433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Vascular Reactions of the Diving Reflex in Men and Women Carrying Different ADRA1A Genotypes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Tatyana","family":"Baranova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0365-3301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Podyacheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatyana","family":"Zemlyanukhina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitrii","family":"Berlov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 191186 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Danilova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott\u2019s Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0091-2224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oleg","family":"Glotov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott\u2019s Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Experimental Medical Virology, Molecular Genetics and Biobanking of Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7465-4504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey","family":"Glotov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott\u2019s Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"585","article-title":"Breath-hold diving","volume":"8","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1969.sp008807","article-title":"Cardiovascular responses to partial and total immersion in man","volume":"202","author":"Campbell","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elsner, R., and Gooden, B. (1983). 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