{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T23:40:09Z","timestamp":1773013209954,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In healthy women, the cervicovaginal microbiota is characterized by the predominance of Lactobacillus spp., whereas the overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria leads to dysbiosis, known to increase the risk of acquiring genital infections like Chlamydia trachomatis. In the last decade, a growing body of research has investigated the composition of the cervicovaginal microbiota associated with chlamydial infection via 16s rDNA sequencing, with contrasting results. A systematic review and a meta-analysis, performed on the alpha-diversity indices, were conducted to summarize the scientific evidence on the cervicovaginal microbiota composition in C. trachomatis infection. Databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched with the following strategy: \u201cChlamydia trachomatis\u201d AND \u201cmicro*\u201d. The diversity indices considered for the meta-analysis were Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) number, Chao1, phylogenetic diversity whole tree, Shannon\u2019s, Pielou\u2019s and Simpson\u2019s diversity indexes. The search yielded 425 abstracts for initial review, of which 16 met the inclusion criteria. The results suggested that the cervicovaginal microbiota in C. trachomatis-positive women was characterized by Lactobacillus iners dominance, or by a diverse mix of facultative or strict anaerobes. The meta-analysis, instead, did not show any difference in the microbial biodiversity between Chlamydia-positive and healthy women. Additional research is clearly required to deepen our knowledge on the interplay between the resident microflora and C. trachomatis in the genital microenvironment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23179554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:22:48Z","timestamp":1661300568000},"page":"9554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Cervicovaginal Microbiota Composition in Chlamydia trachomatis Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0197-0485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marisa","family":"Di Pietro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2730-8588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Filardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6172-1317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Simonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service of Medical Statistics and Information Technology, Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, 00100 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5560-1979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrizio","family":"Pasqualetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Sessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-022-01083-2","article-title":"Towards a Deeper Understanding of the Vaginal Microbiota","volume":"7","author":"France","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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