{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T06:27:03Z","timestamp":1762064823928,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]],"date-time":"2022-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Clinician Scientist Program of the University Medicine Essen Clinician Scientist Academy (UMEA)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The c.825C&gt;T single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs5443) of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit \u03b23 (GNB3) results in increased intracellular signal transduction via G-proteins. The present study investigated the effect of the GNB3 c.825C&gt;T polymorphism on cardiovascular events among renal allograft recipients posttransplant. Our retrospective study involved 436 renal allograft recipients who were followed up for up to 8 years after transplant. The GNB3 c.825C&gt;T polymorphism was detected with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The GNB3 TT genotype was detected in 43 (10%) of 436 recipients. Death due to an acute cardiovascular event occurred more frequently among recipients with the TT genotype (4 [9%]) than among those with the CC\/CT genotypes (7 [2%]; p = 0.003). The rates of myocardial infarction (MI)\u2013free survival (p = 0.003) and acute peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD)\u2013free survival (p = 0.004) were significantly lower among T-homozygous patients. A multivariate analysis showed that homozygous GNB3 c.825C&gt;T polymorphism exerted only a mild effect for the occurrence of myocardial infarction (relative risk, 2.2; p = 0.065) or acute PAOD (relative risk, 2.4; p = 0.05) after renal transplant. Our results suggest that the homozygous GNB3 T allele exerts noticeable effects on the risk of MI and acute PAOD only in the presence of additional nonheritable risk factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23179783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]],"date-time":"2022-08-29T21:01:31Z","timestamp":1661806891000},"page":"9783","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["GNB3 c.825C&gt;T (rs5443) Polymorphism and Risk of Acute Cardiovascular Events after Renal Allograft Transplant"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Tobias","family":"Peitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9093-8585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birte","family":"M\u00f6hlendick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacogenetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Winfried","family":"Siffert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacogenetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9642-1154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Falko Markus","family":"Heinemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Transplantation Diagnostics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Kribben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ute","family":"Eisenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6747-1240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justa","family":"Friebus-Kardash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1999.5992","article-title":"The G protein subunit gene families","volume":"62","author":"Downes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2016.08.002","article-title":"Regulation, Signaling and Physiological Functions of G-proteins","volume":"428","author":"Syrovatkina","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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