{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:34:45Z","timestamp":1791920085312,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)","award":["2021R1C1C1008117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1C1C1008117"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)","award":["2021R1A5A2021614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A5A2021614"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)","award":["2022R1C1C100633411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1C1C100633411"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is used for medicinal purposes owing to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. We evaluated the protective effect of nanovesicles isolated from hemp plant parts (root, seed, hemp sprout, and leaf) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. The particle sizes of root-derived nanovesicles (RNVs), seed-derived nanovesicles (SNVs), hemp sprout-derived nanovesicles (HSNVs), and leaf-derived nanovesicles (LNVs) were within the range of 100\u2013200 nm as measured by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL\/N mice by 5% DSS in water provided for 7 days. RNVs were administered orally once a day, leading to the recovery of both the small intestine and colon lengths. RNVs, SNVs, and HSNVs restored the tight (ZO-1, claudin-4, occludin) and adherent junctions (E-cadherin and \u03b1-tubulin) in DSS-induced small intestine and colon injury. Additionally, RNVs markedly reduced NF-\u03baB activation and oxidative stress proteins in DSS-induced small intestine and colon injury. Tight junction protein expression and epithelial cell permeability were elevated in RNV-, SNV-, and HSNV-treated T84 colon cells exposed to 2% DSS. Interestedly, RNVs, SNVs, HSNVs, and LNVs reduced ALT activity and liver regeneration marker proteins in DSS-induced liver injury. These results showed for the first time that hemp-derived nanovesicles (HNVs) exhibited a protective effect on DSS-induced gut leaky and liver injury through the gut\u2013liver axis by inhibiting oxidative stress marker proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23179955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T21:27:17Z","timestamp":1662067637000},"page":"9955","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Hemp-Derived Nanovesicles Protect Leaky Gut and Liver Injury in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jung-Young","family":"Eom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang-Hun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-ha","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2025-3772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju-Hyun","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gi-Seok","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture & Medicinal Plant, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industry Academy Cooperation Foundation, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Hyeon","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Do-Kyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4266-1048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moon-Chang","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9864-0265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Eun","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0193-x","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Roda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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