{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T15:42:54Z","timestamp":1766158974666,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union funds","award":["POWER 2014-2020, grant \u2116 04\/IMSD\/G\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POWER 2014-2020, grant \u2116 04\/IMSD\/G\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous connective tissue disease mainly caused by structural mutations in type I collagen. Mutant collagen accumulates intracellularly, causing cellular stress that has recently been shown to be phenotype-related. Therefore, the aim of the study was to search for potential drugs reducing collagen accumulation and improving OI fibroblast homeostasis. We found that rosemary extract (RE), which is of great interest to researchers due to its high therapeutic potential, at concentrations of 50 and 100 \u00b5g\/mL significantly reduced the level of accumulated collagen in the fibroblasts of four patients with severe and lethal OI. The decrease in collagen accumulation was associated with RE-induced autophagy as was evidenced by an increase in the LC3-II\/LC3-I ratio, a decrease in p62, and co-localization of type I collagen with LC3-II and LAMP2A by confocal microscopy. The unfolded protein response, activated in three of the four tested cells, and the level of pro-apoptotic markers (Bax, CHOP and cleaved caspase 3) were attenuated by RE. In addition, the role of RE-modulated proteasome in the degradation of unfolded procollagen chains was investigated. This study provides new insight into the beneficial effects of RE that may have some implications in OI therapy targeting cellular stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T01:40:13Z","timestamp":1662601213000},"page":"10341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Rosemary Extract-Induced Autophagy and Decrease in Accumulation of Collagen Type I in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Skin Fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6541-9051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Sutkowska-Skolimowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Bra\u0144ska-Januszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7133-1817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub W.","family":"Strawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-230 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Halina","family":"Ostrowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malwina","family":"Botor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 18, 40-475 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3430-6270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Gawron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 18, 40-475 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4027-989X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Galicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2011.81","article-title":"New perspectives on osteogenesis imperfecta","volume":"7","author":"Forlino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. 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