{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T04:07:09Z","timestamp":1776485229914,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]],"date-time":"2022-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The TELEM Rubin Excellence in Biomedical Research Program, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Due to the interactions between neuroinflammation and coagulation, the neural effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation (1\u2009mg\/kg, intraperitoneal (IP), n = 20) and treatment with the anti-thrombotic enoxaparin (1 mg\/kg, IP, 15 min, and 12 h following LPS, n = 20) were studied in C57BL\/6J mice. Methods. One week after LPS injection, sensory, motor, and cognitive functions were assessed by a hot plate, rotarod, open field test (OFT), and Y-maze. Thrombin activity was measured with a fluorometric assay; hippocampal mRNA expression of coagulation and inflammation factors were measured by real-time-PCR; and serum neurofilament-light-chain (NfL), and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) were measured by a single-molecule array (Simoa) assay. Results. Reduced crossing center frequency was observed in both LPS groups in the OFT (p = 0.02), along with a minor motor deficit between controls and LPS indicated by the rotarod (p = 0.057). Increased hippocampal thrombin activity (p = 0.038) and protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) mRNA (p = 0.01) were measured in LPS compared to controls, but not in enoxaparin LPS-treated mice (p = 0.4, p = 0.9, respectively). Serum NfL and TNF-\u03b1 levels were elevated in LPS mice (p &lt; 0.05) and normalized by enoxaparin treatment. Conclusions. These results indicate that inflammation, coagulation, neuronal damage, and behavior are linked and may regulate each other, suggesting another pharmacological mechanism for intervention in neuroinflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T22:53:46Z","timestamp":1663023226000},"page":"10472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["LPS-Induced Coagulation and Neuronal Damage in a Mice Model Is Attenuated by Enoxaparin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6907-8023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shani","family":"Berkowitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6104-606X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shany Guly","family":"Gofrit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shay Anat","family":"Aharoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valery","family":"Golderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lamis","family":"Qassim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8294-6868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zehavit","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"},{"name":"Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Dori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"},{"name":"Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Maggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"},{"name":"Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"},{"name":"Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2161-9764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joab","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"},{"name":"Robert and Martha Harden Chair in Mental and Neurological Diseases, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3373-8397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efrat","family":"Shavit-Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.20517\/2347-8659.2017.09","article-title":"Role of Neuroinflammation in Ischemic Stroke","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimmunol. 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