{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:14:59Z","timestamp":1792613699519,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25122716"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25122716"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25870760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25870760"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Global COE program, Multidisciplinary Education and Research Center for Regenerative Medicine of Japan, and Smoking Research Foundation","award":["25122716"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25122716"]}]},{"name":"Global COE program, Multidisciplinary Education and Research Center for Regenerative Medicine of Japan, and Smoking Research Foundation","award":["25870760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25870760"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Emerging evidence suggests that neural activity contributes to tumor initiation and its acquisition of metastatic properties. More specifically, it has been reported that the sympathetic nervous system regulates tumor angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. The function of the sympathetic nervous system in primary tumors has been gradually elucidated. However, its functions in pre-metastatic environments and\/or the preparation of metastatic environments far from the primary sites are still unknown. To investigate the role of the sympathetic nervous system in pre-metastatic environments, we performed chemical sympathectomy using 6-OHDA in mice and observed a decrease in lung metastasis by attenuating the recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Furthermore, we note that neuro-immune cell interactions could be observed in tumor-bearing mouse lungs in conjunction with the decreased expression of Sema3A. These data indicate that the sympathetic nervous system contributes to the preparation of pre-metastatic microenvironments in the lungs, which are mediated by neuro-immune cell interactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T21:06:52Z","timestamp":1663103212000},"page":"10652","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The Sympathetic Nervous System Contributes to the Establishment of Pre-Metastatic Pulmonary Microenvironments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8509-846X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katsuaki","family":"Ieguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Diagnostic Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, 6-11-11 Kita-karasuyama, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8577, 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