{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T14:32:20Z","timestamp":1774535540461,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,17]],"date-time":"2022-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education Russian Federation","award":["075-15-2020-773"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2020-773"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Current methods for diagnosis and treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) have only a modest efficacy. In this pilot study, we analyzed circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) in patients with SCLC to search for new diagnostic and prognostic markers and novel approaches to improve the treatment of the disease. In other forms of lung cancer, we showed a heterogeneity of blood CTCs and CSCs populations, as well as changes in other cell populations (ALDH+, CD87+CD276+, and EGF+Axl+) in smokers. A number of CTCs and CSCs in patients with SCLC have been shown to be resistant to chemotherapy (CT). High cytotoxic activity and resistance to apoptosis of reprogrammed CD3+CD8+ T-lymphocytes (rTcells) in relation to naive CD3+CD8+ T-lymphocytes was demonstrated in a smoking patient with SCLC (Patient G) in vitro. The target for rTcells was patient G\u2019s blood CSCs. Reprogramming of CD3+CD8+ T-lymphocytes was carried out with the MEK1\/2 inhibitor and PD-1\/PD-L1 pathway blocker nivolumab. The training procedure was performed with a suspension of dead CTCs and CSCs obtained from patient\u2019s G blood. The presented data show a new avenue for personalized SCLC diagnosis and targeted improvement of chemotherapy based on the use of both CTCs and CSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]],"date-time":"2022-09-18T23:39:22Z","timestamp":1663544362000},"page":"10853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Analysis of Circulating Tumor and Cancer Stem Cells Provides New Opportunities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Evgenii G.","family":"Skurikhin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin, 3, 634028 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Ermakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin, 3, 634028 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8146-2279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariia","family":"Zhukova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin, 3, 634028 Tomsk, Russia"},{"name":"Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovski, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0468-0272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Pershina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin, 3, 634028 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2163-7647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin, 3, 634028 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0725-1323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelina","family":"Pakhomova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin, 3, 634028 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Kogai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin, 3, 634028 Tomsk, Russia"},{"name":"Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovski, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Kooperativny, 5, 634009 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Simolina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Kooperativny, 5, 634009 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Skurikhina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovski, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1686-130X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darius","family":"Widera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Group, School of Pharmacy, Whiteknights Campus, Reading RG6 6AP, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aslan","family":"Kubatiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergey G.","family":"Morozov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolai","family":"Kushlinskii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Dygai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin, 3, 634028 Tomsk, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2019.10.001","article-title":"Lung cancer 2020: Epidemiology, etiology, and prevention","volume":"41","author":"Bade","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. 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