{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:24:06Z","timestamp":1781738646031,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]],"date-time":"2022-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program","award":["773830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["773830"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health issue attributed to the misuse of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine. Since AMR surveillance requires a One Health approach, we sampled nine interconnected compartments at a hydrological open-air lab (HOAL) in Austria to obtain six bacterial species included in the WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). Whole genome sequencing-based typing included core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). Genetic and phenotypic characterization of AMR was performed for all isolates. Eighty-nine clinically-relevant bacteria were obtained from eight compartments including 49 E. coli, 27 E. faecalis, 7 K. pneumoniae and 6 E. faecium. Clusters of isolates from the same species obtained in different sample collection dates were detected. Of the isolates, 29.2% were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. E. coli and E. faecalis isolates from different compartments had acquired antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) associated with veterinary drugs such as aminoglycosides and tetracyclines, some of which were carried in conjugative and mobilizable plasmids. Three multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates were found in samples from field drainage and wastewater. Early detection of ARGs and ARB in natural and farm-related environments can identify hotspots of AMR and help prevent its emergence and dissemination along the food\/feed chain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,25]],"date-time":"2022-09-25T23:13:27Z","timestamp":1664147607000},"page":"11276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Characterizing Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinically Relevant Bacteria Isolated at the Human\/Animal\/Environment Interface Using Whole-Genome Sequencing in Austria"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9346-1612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Cabal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2271-275X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerhard","family":"Rab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Technical University of Vienna, 1040 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute for Land and Water Management Research, Federal Agency for Water Management, 3252 Petzenkirchen, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Daza-Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, 1060 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"St\u00f6ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, 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Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Bock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8524-3930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klemens","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmin","family":"Sucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krista","family":"Rathammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Hasenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Stadtbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2077-6231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Cani\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1600-609 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8693-9304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Strau\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Land and Water Management Research, Federal Agency for Water Management, 3252 Petzenkirchen, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz","family":"Allerberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"W\u00f6gerbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1096 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9940-3333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Werner","family":"Ruppitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian 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