{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:48:06Z","timestamp":1787028486614,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]],"date-time":"2022-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ANID of the Chilean government"},{"name":"CONICYT\/Chile"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Drimys winteri J.R. (Winteraceae) produce drimane sesquiterpenoids with activity against Candida yeast. In this work, drimenol, polygodial (1), isotadeonal (2), and a new drimane \u03b1,\u03b2-unsaturated 1,4-dialdehyde, named winterdial (4), were purified from barks of D. winteri. The oxidation of drimenol produced the monoaldehyde drimenal (3). These four aldehyde sesquiterpenoids were evaluated against six Candida species isolated from candidemia patients in Chilean hospitals. Results showed that 1 displays fungistatic activity against all yeasts (3.75 to 15.0 \u00b5g\/mL), but irritant effects on eyes and skin, whereas its non-pungent epimer 2 has fungistatic and fungicide activities at 1.9 and 15.0 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively. On the other hand, compounds 3 and 4 were less active. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that compounds 1\u20134 are capable of binding to the catalytic pocket of lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase with similar binding free energies, thus suggesting a potential mechanism of action through the inhibition of ergosterol synthesis. According to our findings, compound 2 appears as a valuable molecular scaffold to pursue the future development of more potent drugs against candidiasis with fewer side effects than polygodial. These outcomes are significant to broaden the alternatives to treat fungal infections with increasing prevalence worldwide using natural compounds as a primary source for active compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T23:39:31Z","timestamp":1665272371000},"page":"11753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Drimane Sesquiterpene Aldehydes Control Candida Yeast Isolated from Candidemia in Chilean Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Mar\u00edn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products & Drug Discovery, Department of Basic Science, Center CEBIM, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Bart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products & Drug Discovery, Department of Basic Science, Center CEBIM, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products & Drug Discovery, Department of Basic Science, Center CEBIM, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6783-5657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ver\u00f3nica A.","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepci\u00f3n, Autopista Concepci\u00f3n-Talcahuano 7100, Talcahuano 4260000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1094-4024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Leyton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime R.","family":"Cabrera-Pardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Qu\u00edmica Aplicada y Sustentable, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica 1000000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0224-6069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernd","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Chemie, Universit\u00e4t Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1639-4959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Heydenreich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Chemie, Universit\u00e4t Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Burgos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4668-4984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products & Drug Discovery, Department of Basic Science, Center CEBIM, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2021.03.007","article-title":"Candidemia and Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"35","author":"McCarty","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1080\/13693780701601736","article-title":"Nosocomial candiduria in women undergoing urinary catheterization. Clonal relationship betweenstrains isolated from vaginal tract and urine","volume":"45","author":"Silva","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nucci, M., Queiroz-Telles, F., Alvarado-Matute, T., Tiraboschi, I.N., Cortes, J., Zurita, J., Guzman-Blanco, M., Santolaya, M.E., Thompson, L., and Sifuentes-Osornio, J. (2013). 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